Skip to main content

Dynamics of industrial waste stabilization pond treatment process

Environmental Monitoring and Assessment volume 169, pages 55–65 (2010)Cite this article

Abstract

Waste stabilization pond is an artificial ecosystem; its performance is governed by the nature of the biological communities it supports. These are primarily used as secondary effluent treatment plants to polish the effluents. However, they are also used to treat the raw sewage and industrial effluents. In the present study, the functioning of a waste stabilization pond system from an industrial complex located in Goa was taken up. The raw waste released by the industrial complex and the final effluent released from the stabilization ponds were analyzed for pH, dissolved oxygen (DO), biological oxygen demand, phosphate content, chlorophyll content, and algal diversity and density. Also, the activities of the enzymes catalase and phosphatase were measured. The study was carried out for a period of 1 year and the data covering pre-monsoon, monsoon, and post-monsoon seasons are tabulated. The study revealed that DO, chlorophyll content, and algal count were maximum during pre-monsoon when compared to monsoon and post-monsoon. Similarly, maximum enzymatic activity was recorded during pre-monsoon and also maximum removal of biological oxygen demand and phosphate was recorded during this period than in monsoon and post-monsoon.

This is a preview of subscription content, access via your institution.

Access options

Buy single article

Instant access to the full article PDF.

43,34 €

Price includes VAT (Finland)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

References

  • Ahmadi, A., Riahi, H. & Noori, M (2005). Studies of the effects of environmental factors on the seasonal change of phytoplankton population in municipal waste water stabilization ponds. Toxicological & Environmental Chemistry, 87(4), 543–550.

    CAS  Article  Google Scholar 

  • APHA (1998). Standard methods for examination of water and wastewater (20th ed.). New York: APHA, AWWA and WEF.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bhatnagar, A. & Bhatnagar, M (1998). Algae based wastewater remediation system. In B. N. Verma, A. N. Kargupta & S. K. Goyal (Eds.), Advances in phycology (pp. 375–392). New Delhi: APC.

    Google Scholar 

  • Euler, H. V., & Josephson, K. (1927). Catalase II. Liebigs Annalen, 1, 455.

    Google Scholar 

  • Gloyna, E. F. (1971). Waste stabilization ponds. Geneva: WHO Monograph Series no. 60.

  • Golueke, C. G. (1972). Composting. Emmaus: Rodule.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hermens, J., & Stander, G. J. (1969). Nutrient removal from sewage effluents by algal activity. In Advances in Water Pollution Research Proceedings, 4th International Conference, Prague 701.

  • Hosetti, B. B. (1987). Studies on the use of some important groups of microbes in the treatment of wastewaters. Ph.D. thesis, Karnataka University, Dharwad.

  • Hosetti, B. B. (2008). Plankton dynamics of Indian waters. Jaipur: Pratiksha.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hosetti, B. B., & Frost, S. (1994). Catalase activity in water and wastewaters. Water Resources, 28, 497–500.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Hosetti, B. B., & Frost, S. (1995). A review of the sustainable value of effluents and sludges from wastewater stabilization ponds. Ecological Engineering Ecotechnology, 5, 421–431.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hosetti, B. B., & Frost, S. (1998). A review of biological activities of sewage stabilization ponds. In Critical review on environmental control. Boca Raton: CRC.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hosetti, B. B., & Kumar, A. (2001). A text book of applied aquatic biology. New Delhi: Daya.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hosetti, B. B., & Patil, H. S. (1988). Enzymatic evaluation of oxidation pond performance. Internationale Revue der gesamten Hydrobiologie und Hydrographie, 74, 641–650.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hosetti, B. B., & Rodgi, S. S. (1985). Influence of depth on the efficiency of oxidation ponds for wastewater treatment. Environment and Ecology, 3, 324.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Hosmani, S. P. (2002). Ecological diversity of algae in freshwater. In B. B. Hosetti (Eds.), Wetland Conservation and Management (pp. 65–83). Jaipur: Pointer.

    Google Scholar 

  • Joseph, V., & Joseph, A. (2001). Algae in the assessment of Industrial wastewater holding ponds. Water, Air and Soil Pollution, 132, 251–261.

    CAS  Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kumar, A., Prasad, U., & Mishra, P. K. (2002). Mathematical modeling for pollution assessment in aquatic environment of coal fields of Jharkhand (India). Ecology of Polluted Waters, 2, 963–1073.

    Google Scholar 

  • Mara, D. D., & Pearson, H. (1986). Artificial freshwater environment waste stabilization ponds. Biotechnology, 8, 177. VCH Weinheim.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Martin, C., & Picard, G. (1985). Biological treatment of pig manure by production of unicellular algal biomass. MIRCEN Journal of Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology, 1, 173.

    CAS  Article  Google Scholar 

  • Patil, H. S. (1979). Studies on the comparative ecology of the various species of algae with a view to select the best for increasing the efficiency of sewage oxidation ponds. Ph.D. thesis, Karnataka University, Dharwad.

  • Prescott, G. W. (1984). The algae: A review. Koenigstein: Jointly Published by Bishen Singh Mahendra Pal Singh, Dehra Dun, India and Otto Koeltz Science Publishers.

  • Raghavendra Hosmani, S. P. (2002). Hydrobiological study of Mandakally lake—a polluted waterbody at Mysore. Nature Environment and Pollution Technology, 1, 291–293.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ramaswamy, S. N., & Somashekar, R. K. (1982). Ecological studies on algae of electroplating wastes. Phykos, 21, 83–90.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Rodgi, S. S. (1974). Ecological factors in water reclamation methods. Ph.D. thesis, Karnataka University, Dharwad.

  • Sachidanandamurthy, K. L., & Yajurvedi, H. N. (2004). Monthly variations in water quality parameters (physico-chemical) of a perennial lake in Mysore city. Indian Hydrobiology, 7, 217–228.

    Google Scholar 

  • Sarner, E. (1985). Oxidation ponds as polishing process of the wastewater treatment plant in Lund. Vatten, 41, 186.

    Google Scholar 

  • Shanthala, M., Hosmani, S. P., & Hosetti, B. B. (2009). Diversity of plankton in a waste stabilization pond of Shimoga. Environmental Monitoring & Assessment, 151, 437–443.

    CAS  Article  Google Scholar 

  • Sharma, G., Mehra, N. K., & Kumar, R. (2002). Biodegradation of wastewater of Najafgarh drain, Delhi using autochthonous microbial consortia: A laboratory study. Journal of Environmental Biology, 23(4), 365–371.

    Google Scholar 

  • Shiddamallayya, N., & Pratima, M. (2008). Impact of domestic sewage on fresh water body. Journal of Environmental Biology, 29(3), 303–308.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Simon, A. T. (2002). Seasonal evaporative concentration of an extremely turbid water-body in the semiarid tropics of Australia. Lakes & Reservoirs: Research & Management, 7, 103–107.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Somiya, I., & Fujji, S. (1984). Material balances of organics and nutrients in an oxidation pond. Water Resources, 18, 325.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Sridhar, M. K. C., & Pillai, S. C. (1974). Catalase activity in sewage effluents. Water Waste Treatment, 12, 177–180.

    Google Scholar 

  • Strain, H. H. (1951). The pigments of algae. In: G. M. Smith (Ed.), Manual of phycology (pp. 243–262). Waltham: Chronica Botanica.

    Google Scholar 

  • Tiwari, A., & Chauhan, S. V. S. (2006). Seasonal phytoplankton diversity of Kitham Lake, Agra. Journal of Environmental Biology, 27(1), 35–38.

    Google Scholar 

  • Trivedi, P. K., & Goel, P. K. (1990). Chemical and biological methods of water pollution studies. Karad: Environmental Publications.

    Google Scholar 

  • Verstraete, W., & van Vaerenberg, E. (1986). Aerobic activated sludge. In H. J. Rehm, & G. Reed (Eds.), Biotechnology. Aerobic degradation (Vol. 8, pp. 43–112). Weinheim: VCH.

    Google Scholar 

  • Verstraete, W., Votes, J. P., & Von Lanker, P. (1976). Evaluation of some enzymatic methods to measure the bioactivity of aquatic environments. Hydrobiologia, 49, 257.

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Affiliations

  1. Department of Zoology, S.P. Chowgule College of Arts and Science, Margao, 403602, India

    Mangala Veeresh

  2. Department of Botany, S.P. Chowgule College of Arts and Science, Margao, 403602, India

    A. V. Veeresh

  3. Department of Botany, H.C. Kothambri Science Institute & S.K. Kadasideshwar Arts College, Hubli, Karnataka, India

    Basvaraj D. Huddar

  4. Department of Applied Zoology, Kuvempu University, Shankarghatta, 577451, Karnataka, India

    Basaling B. Hosetti

Authors
  1. Mangala Veeresh
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. A. V. Veeresh
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Basvaraj D. Huddar
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. Basaling B. Hosetti
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to A. V. Veeresh.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and Permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Veeresh, M., Veeresh, A.V., Huddar, B.D. et al. Dynamics of industrial waste stabilization pond treatment process. Environ Monit Assess 169, 55–65 (2010). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10661-009-1150-z

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10661-009-1150-z

Keywords

  • Stabilization pond
  • Alga
  • Chlorophyll
  • Enzymes
  • DO
  • BOD