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Cross-border response of mosses to heavy metal atmospheric deposition in Southeastern Bulgaria and European Turkey

Environmental Monitoring and Assessment volume 157, pages 529–537 (2009)Cite this article

Abstract

First cross-border atmospheric pollution of 11 heavy metals and toxic elements assessed by Hypnum cupressiforme was reported for a part of Southeastern Europe (Southeastern Bulgaria and European Turkey). Moss monitoring technique followed the main requirements of European Moss Survey. Moss samples were collected in April 2006 both in Bulgaria and Turkey. Concentration of Al, As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Fe, Ni, Pb, Sb, V, and Zn were determined by ICP-AES. Interlaboratory parallel calibration (exchanged four moss samples from each country), standard reference moss materials (M2 and M3) results ensured the study. ANOVA showed no differences between measured results in both laboratories at the 99% confidence level. Principle Component Analyze proved two factors: F1 group of Al, As, Cd, Cr, Fe, Ni, and V and F2 of Cu, Pb, and Zn as main atmospheric pollutants. Results obtained showed approximately Cu and Pb high concentrations around Istanbul and Burgas and Zn pollution in Istanbul district. Arsenic cross-border atmospheric pollution in the study area of Southeastern Europe was found.

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Affiliations

  1. Faculty of Medicine, Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart University, 17100, Çanakkale, Turkey

    Mahmut Coşkun

  2. Institute of Botany, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Akad. G. Bonchev Str., Bl. 23, Sofia, 1113, Bulgaria

    L. Yurukova

  3. Health Services Vocational College, Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart University, 17100, Çanakkale, Turkey

    A. Çayir & Münevver Coşkun

  4. Department of Ecology and Environmental Protection, Faculty of Biology, University of Plovdiv, Tsar Asen, 24, Plovdiv, 4000, Bulgaria

    G. Gecheva

Authors
  1. Mahmut Coşkun
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  2. L. Yurukova
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  3. A. Çayir
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  4. Münevver Coşkun
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  5. G. Gecheva
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Correspondence to Mahmut Coşkun.

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Coşkun, M., Yurukova, L., Çayir, A. et al. Cross-border response of mosses to heavy metal atmospheric deposition in Southeastern Bulgaria and European Turkey. Environ Monit Assess 157, 529–537 (2009). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10661-008-0553-6

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10661-008-0553-6

Keywords

  • Biomonitoring
  • Hypnum cupressiforme
  • Atmospheric deposition
  • Cross-border pollution