Pesticide residues in liquid pekmez (grape molasses)

Abstract

In this study 32 pesticide residues and eight polybrominated diphenlyl ether (PBDE) congeners were measured in seven liquid samples from Kahramanmaraş, Turkey. A new method based on the best recovery was column extraction with n-hexane/acetone followed by gas chromatography electron-capture detection (GC-ECD), and mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Limit of Detection (LOD) was 0.02 ng/g for PCBs and PBDEs and 0.05 ng/g for the others. α-HCH, γ-HCH, HCB, and Heptachlor were being measured in all LP samples. The sum of HCHs, DDTs and PCBs in samples was 1.56, 0.76 and 5.42 ng/g, respectively. p,p′-DDD, p,p′-DDT, o,p′-DDT, cis-nonachlor, β-endosulfan, endrin, PCB 118, PCB 138, PCB 180 and PBDEs were not detected. The mean values of α-HCH, β-HCH, γ-HCH, HCB were 0.72, 2.03, 1.92, 3.58 and α-chlordan, trans-nonachlor, heptachlor, malathion, aldrin, bromophos methyl, bromophos ethyl, cis-HCE, trans-HCE, chlordan, α-endosulfan, dieldrin were 2.44, 0.27, 1.25, 1.27, 0.91, 0.10, 0.50, 0.26, 0.63, 2.44, 0.30, 0.30 ng/g respectively. The mean values of p,p′-DDE, o,p′-DDE, o,p′-DDD were 0.26, 0.48, 0.68 and PCB 28, PCB 52, PCB 101, PCB 153 were 2.35, 35.27, 0.16, 0.18 ng/g, respectively.