Abstract
Regular ingestion of soils could pose a potential health threat due to long-term toxic element exposure. In order to estimate the human bioavailability quotients for As and heavy metals, 12 urban roadside soil samples were collected and analyzed for As, Pb, Cu, Zn, Ni, Co, and Cr using Simple Bioavailability Extraction Test (SBET). The quantities of As, Pb, Cu, Zn, Ni, Co, and Cr leached from soils within the simulated human stomach for 1 h indicated, on average, 27.3, 71.7, 40.4, 59.3, 17.7, 27.2 and 5.6% bioavailability, respectively. Significant positive correlations were observed between the amounts leached using SBET and the total amounts dissolved with HNO3-HCl-HF acid mixtures. Stepwise multiple regression analysis indicated that the amounts leached with SBET for As, Pb, Zn, Ni, and Co were not related to any of the physic-chemical parameters measured (i.e., soil texture, pH, total organic matter). These results may be valuable for providing input data for risk assessment at sites subject to anthropogenic soil contamination.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Basta, N., & Gradwohl, R. (2000). Estimation of Cd, Pb, and Zn bioavailability in smelter-contaminated soils by a sequential extraction procedure. Journal of Soil Contamination, 9(2), 149–164.
Calabrese, E. J., Stanek, E. J., James, R. C., & Roberts, S. M. (1999). Soil ingestion: A concern for acute toxicity in children. Journal of Environmental Health, 61, 18–23.
Fergusson, J. E. (1990). The heavy elements: Chemistry, environmental impact and health effects. Oxford, UK: Pergamon.
Kim, J. Y., Kim, K. W., Lee, J. U., Lee, J. S., & Cook, J. (2002). Assessment of As and heavy metal contamination in the vicinity of Duckum Au-Ag mine, Korea. Environmental Geochemistry and Health, 24, 215–227.
Oomen, A. G., Tolls, J., Sips, A. J. A. M., & Van den Hoop, M. A. G. T. (2003). Lead speciation in artificial human digestive fluid. Archives Environmental Contamination Toxicology, 44, 107–115.
Ramsey, M. H., Thompson, M., & Banerjee, E. K. (1987). Realistic assessment of analytical data quality from inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry. Analysis Proceedings, 24, 260–265.
Rhoades, J. D. (1996). Salinity: Electrical conductivity and total dissolved solids. In D. L. Sparks (Ed.), Methods of soil analysis, Part 3, chemical methods (pp. 417–435). Madison, Wisconsin, Soil Science Society of America.
Rodriguez, R. R., & Basta, N. (1999). An in vitro gastrointestinal method to estimate bioavailable arsenic in contaminated soils and solid media. Environmental Science & Technology, 33, 642–649.
Ruby, M. V., Davis, A., Link, T. E., Schoof, R., Chaney, R. L., Freeman, G. B., et al. (1993). Development of an in vitro screening test to evaluate the in vivo bioaccessibility of ingested mine-waste lead. Environmental Science & Technology, 27, 2870–2877.
Ruby, M. V., Davis, A., Schoof, R., Eberie, S., & Sellstone, C. M. (1996). Estimation of lead and arsenic bioavailability using a physiologically based extraction test. Environmental Science & Technology, 30, 422–430.
Wang, X. S., & Qin, Y. (2006). Spatial distribution of metals in urban topsoils of Xuzhou (China): Controlling factors and environmental implications. Environmental Geology, 49, 897–904.
Wang, X. S., Qin, Y., & Sang, S. X. (2005). Accumulation and sources of heavy metals in urban topsoils: A case study from the city of Xuzhou (China). Environmental Geology, 48, 101–107.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Wang, Xs., Qin, Y. & Chen, Yk. Leaching Characteristics of Arsenic and Heavy Metals in Urban Roadside Soils Using a Simple Bioavailability Extraction Test. Environ Monit Assess 129, 221–226 (2007). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10661-006-9355-x
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10661-006-9355-x