Abstract
Anthracnose (Elsinöe ampelina) is a major fungal disease in humid regions, causing damage to grapevine berries and decreasing fruit quality. Studies concerning enzymatic and biochemical changes caused by infection and tissue colonization of E. ampelina in berries are scarce, but they are fundamental to gaining insights about the defense response to the pathogen. Thus, this study aims to quantify biochemical and enzymatic alterations in different varieties of grapevine berries attacked by E. ampelina, and their association with anthracnose symptoms. Must quality, carbohydrate production, and enzymatic activity were assessed in berries with and without anthracnose symptoms, from five varieties that presented different degrees of anthracnose symptoms. Berries with anthracnose symptoms showed higher must acidity, while berries without anthracnose symptoms produced more proteins and higher polyphenol oxidase activity. The varieties manifesting the highest anthracnose symptoms showed higher sugar and hydrogen peroxide concentrations on berry skins. On the other hand, the varieties with the lowest anthracnose symptoms showed the highest catalase, polyphenol oxidase, and phenylalanine ammonia-lyase activities on berry skins. In conclusion, the varieties presented different severities of anthracnose on berries with higher anthracnose severities correlated with high hydrogen peroxide production and carbohydrate concentration on grape skins.
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Acknowledgments
We are grateful to the Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) (Finance Code 001) for scholarships awarded to LRM, AFNA and CFR, to Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq) for financial support (Proj. 423476/2018-1) and scholarship to RON and DMS, and to the Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa e Inovação de Santa Catarina (FAPESC) for financial support (Proj. TO2017 TR1844). The authors also thank the Laboratory of Morphogenesis and Plant Biochemistry of the Federal University of Santa Catarina, Brazil. We thank the laboratory technicians Franklin Back, Luciano Inácio de Farias and Mateus B. de Freitas for help during the biochemical and enzymatic analyses.
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RON and ALS controlled the funding acquisition. LRM, RON and LJW planned and designed the experiments. LRM, AFNA, CFR, DRMS performed biochemical and enzymatic analysis. LRM and DRMS isolated anthracnose. LRM and AFNA performed data analyses. LRM created the images. LRM wrote the first draft of the manuscript. All authors revised and contributed to the submitted version of the manuscript.
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Modesto, L.R., de Almeida, A.F.N., Steiner, D.R.M. et al. Grapevine anthracnose in berries causes biochemical and enzymatic alterations. Eur J Plant Pathol 163, 695–706 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10658-022-02507-9
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10658-022-02507-9