Abstract
In order to clarify the potential application of difenoconazole and boscalid in the control of gummy stem blight (GSB), fungicide coformulations that have a synergistic effect on GSB were screened, and preliminary studies were conducted on their synergistic mechanism. In this study, the mycelium growth rate method was used to determine the sensitivity of 101 strains of GSB to difenoconazole and boscalid. Indoor virulence and field efficacy tests were carried out on GSB to screen out fungicides with better inhibition effect. The results of sensitivity test showed that the maximum EC50 value of difenoconazole was 0.171 μg/ml, with a minimum of 0.0135 μg/ml and a mean EC50 value of 0.0569 ± 0.00289 μg/ml. Meanwhile, the maximum EC50 value of boscalid was 0.180 μg/ml with a minimum of 0.0330 μg/mL and a mean EC50 value of 0.0850 ± 0.0370 μg/mL and the frequency distribution of the EC50 values are single peak curves, so that the average of the EC50 values was used as the baseline sensitivity of GSB to difenoconazole and boscalid. The screening results of the fungicide co-formulations indicated that the 1:9 and 2:8 ratios of difenoconazole and boscalid were both effective against GSB. When the mass ratios of difenoconazole and boscalid were 1:9 and 2:8, the synergistic coefficient (SR) was 1.8188 and 1.5011, respectively. The control effect of the fungicide coformulation reached more than 83% for both the medium and high doses set, which was higher than the control effect of each single agent. The results of the synergistic mechanism showed that the fungicide co-formulation had an inhibitory effect on the mycelial growth, conidial production, spore germination rate, etc. At the same time, the fungicide co-formulation had a synergistic effect on enhancing cell membrane permeability and accelerating membrane lipid peroxidation, and had an additive effect on inhibiting ergosterol synthesis. Therefore, the experiment provided theoretical evidence for the control of GSB and the management of fungicide.
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This work was supported by the National Science Foundation of China (31871990), and Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (XDJK2017B026).
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Liang, S., Li, Y., Liu, S. et al. The sensitivity of Didymella bryoniae to difenoconazole and boscalid and the synergistic mechanism of fungicide co-formulation. Eur J Plant Pathol 161, 865–879 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10658-021-02368-8
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10658-021-02368-8