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Phenotypic and genotypic analysis of Pseudomonas syringae recovered from symptomatic beans and associated weeds in Northern Spain

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Abstract

Thirty isolates of Pseudomonas syringae other than pathovar (pv.) phaseolicola, recovered from beans (18) and weeds (12) in a Northern Spanish region, were studied by a polyphasic approach, including phenotypic tests, detection of levansucrase and toxin (syringomycin and syringopeptin) genes, typing by RAPD (Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA) and PFGE (Pulsed-Field Gel Electrophoresis). The isolates were phenotypically heterogeneous, and both RAPD and PFGE, probed to be highly discriminative, as they were almost able to differentiate at the level of isolate. Phylogenetic analysis based on conserved genes of the core genome (rpoD, gltA and gyrB) distributed the isolates in three different clades (2A, 2B and 2C) belonging to phylogroup 2 of the P. syringae complex. According to toxin production, 18 of them, within clade 2B, were assigned to P. syringae pv. syringae and five of these caused symptoms after experimental inoculation on bean pods. Four of the five pathogenic isolates were obtained from weeds, supporting the role of weeds associated with bean crops, particularly Cyperus rotundus, Malva sylvestris, and Polygonum lapathifolium, as a reservoir of the pathogen. In conclusion, results of this study suggest that apart from P. syringae pv. phaseolicola, P. syringae isolates circulating in our region are mostly epiphytes, and support the role of weeds associated with bean crops as reservoir of pathogenic strains of P. syringae pv. syringae.

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Acknowledgements

Ana M. Fernández-Sanz was the recipient of a grant from the “Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria”. The work was supported by Project RTA2008-00019 from the “Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria”. Both, Grant and Project were co-funded with FEDER funds. We thank the farmers who participated in the work, especially Manuel Garcia, and the “Consejo Regulador de la Denominación Específica Faba de Asturias” for their help during sampling.

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  1. Laboratorio de Fitopatología, Servicio Regional de Investigación y Desarrollo Agroalimentario (SERIDA), 33300, Villaviciosa, Principado de Asturias, Spain

    Ana M. Fernández-Sanz & Ana J. González

  2. Departamento de Biología Funcional (Área de Microbiología), Universidad de Oviedo, 33006, Oviedo, Principado de Asturias, Spain

    M. Rosario Rodicio

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  1. Ana M. Fernández-Sanz
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All authors contributed to the study conception and design. Material preparation, data collection and analysis were performed by A.M. Fernández-Sanz and A.J. González. All authors have contributed to writing the manuscript and approved it.

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Correspondence to Ana J. González.

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Fernández-Sanz, A.M., Rodicio, M.R. & González, A.J. Phenotypic and genotypic analysis of Pseudomonas syringae recovered from symptomatic beans and associated weeds in Northern Spain. Eur J Plant Pathol 157, 377–387 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10658-020-02010-z

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