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Prevalence and molecular diversity of the main viruses infecting cucurbit and solanaceous crops in Azerbaijan

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Abstract

Two surveys were conducted in September 2014 and July 2015 in important vegetable-growing areas in Azerbaijan. Cucurbit and solanaceous plants exhibiting symptoms of mosaic, yellowing, leaf curl or necrosis were collected and tested serologically and molecularly for the presence of the major viruses infecting these crops. For cucurbits, the most common viruses in both sampling sets were aphid-transmitted ones, including potyviruses (watermelon mosaic virus, WMV, zucchini yellow mosaic virus, ZYMV), cucumoviruses (cucumber mosaic virus, CMV) and poleroviruses (cucurbit aphid-borne yellows virus, CABYV). Eggplant mottled dwarf (EMDV) was also detected for the first time in Azerbaijan on cucumber at a low prevalence. In solanaceous crops, CMV was the most common virus detected, followed by potato virus Y (PVY). Tomato spotted wilt virus (TSWV), alfalfa mosaic virus (AMV) and tobamoviruses (tomato mosaic virus (TMV), pepper mild mottle virus (PMMoV)) were also detected in 2015. The begomovirus tomato yellow leaf curl virus (TYLCV) was present on tomato only in the Absheron area, where it had a high prevalence and induced important losses. TYLCV-like symptoms on tomato in other areas of Azerbaijan were due to phytoplasma diseases.

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Acknowledgments

This work was supported by the Science Development Foundation under the President of the Republic of Azerbaijan (EİF-2014-9(24)-KETPL-14/11/3-M-10) and by Presidium of Azerbaijan National Academy of Sciences (decision № 7/3 dated on 14.03.2018). We thank Isabelle Bornard at the Microscopy Platform of INRA-Montfavet for the electron microscope observations, the Experimental Infrastructure team in Montfavet for their help in the greenhouse experiments, and Dr. Michel Pitrat for his participation in the 2003 survey.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. INRA, UR407, Unité de Pathologie Végétale, 84140, Montfavet, France

    Cécile Desbiez, Eric Verdin, Benoît Moury, Hervé Lecoq, Pauline Millot & Catherine Wipf-Scheibel

  2. Azerbaijan National Academy of Sciences, Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, 1073, Baku, AZ, Azerbaijan

    Samra Mirzayeva, Nargiz Sultanova, Gulnara Balakishiyeva, Alamdar Mammadov & Irada Huseynova

  3. Institut des Sciences du Végétal, CNRS, 91198, Gif sur Yvette, France

    Ahmed Kheyr-Pour

Authors
  1. Cécile Desbiez
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  2. Eric Verdin
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  3. Benoît Moury
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  4. Hervé Lecoq
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  9. Gulnara Balakishiyeva
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Correspondence to Irada Huseynova.

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Electronic supplementary material

Supplementary Fig. S1

A, B: Severe leaf curl in a tomato field in Absheron region caused by tomato yellow leaf curl virus (TYLCV); C: virescence on tomato and D: leaf curl on pepper induced by stolbur phytoplasma in the Ganja region. (PNG 16144 kb)

High resolution image (TIFF 2720 kb)

Supplementary Fig. S2

Distance tree based on a fragment of Cucumber mosaic virus (CMV) RNA-3. Isolates from the 2014–2015 surveys in Azerbaijan are boxed. The scale bar represents a genetic distance of 0.02. Bootstrap values above 70% (500 bootstraps) are indicated for each node. (PNG 1188 kb)

High resolution image (TIFF 4518 kb)

Supplementary Fig. S3

Distance tree based on a fragment of the RdRp and CP coding region of cucurbit aphid-borne yellows virus (CABYV). The scale bar represents a genetic distance of 0.005. Bootstrap values above 60% (500 bootstraps) are indicated for each node. (PNG 2283 kb)

High resolution image (TIFF 5198 kb)

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Desbiez, C., Verdin, E., Moury, B. et al. Prevalence and molecular diversity of the main viruses infecting cucurbit and solanaceous crops in Azerbaijan. Eur J Plant Pathol 153, 359–369 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10658-018-1562-0

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