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Diaporthe novem isolated from sunflower (Helianthus annuus) and other crop and weed hosts in Australia

European Journal of Plant Pathology volume 152, pages 823–831 (2018)Cite this article

Abstract

In 2011, patches of lodged plants of Helianthus annuus (commercial sunflower) with stem lesions were observed in a commercial crop at Kingsthorpe, Queensland, Australia. Several species of Diaporthe were consistently isolated from the lesions. Diaporthe novem was identified by DNA sequence analysis. In following surveys, Diaporthe novem was found to be associated with other crop species including Cicer arietinum (chickpea), Glycine max (soybean), Lupinus alba (lupin), Sorghum bicolor (sorghum) Vicia faba (faba bean) and Vigna radiata (mungbean), and with the weed species Datura stramonium (common thornapple), Helianthus annuus (wild-type sunflower), Malva parviflora (small flowered mallow), Rapistrum rugosum (turnip weed), Sambucus gaudichaudiana (wild elderberry), Sisymbrium orientale (indian hedge mustard), Sonchus oleraceus (sowthistle), Verbena sp., Vicia sativa (common vetch), and Xanthium strumarium (noogoora burr). In pathogenicity tests, isolates of D. novem from sunflower were highly virulent when re-inoculated on commercial sunflower varieties. This study has identified D. novem as a frequent cause of stem canker of sunflower in the eastern cropping areas of Australia, and extends the known host range of D. novem.

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Acknowledgements

This work was supported by the Australian Grains Research and Development Corporation under Grants DAQ00154 and DAQ00186 awarded to the Queensland Department of Agriculture and Fisheries, and the University of Southern Queensland. The authors thank Ms. Loretta Serafin (NSW Department of Primary Industries) for assistance with lupin and sunflower samples; Ms. Sara Blake and Ms. Tara Russell (USQ) for technical assistance and Dr. Dean Beasley (Queensland Plant Pathology Herbarium) for advice on specimens.

Sources of funding

This study was funded by the Australian Grains Research and Development Corporation under Grants DAQ00154 and DAQ00186.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Centre for Crop Health, University of Southern Queensland, Qld, Toowoomba, 4350, Australia

    S. M. Thompson, S. M. Neate, R. M. Grams & R. G. Shivas

  2. School of Agriculture and Food Science, University of Queensland, Qld, St Lucia, 4066, Australia

    S. M. Thompson & E. A. B. Aitken

  3. Queensland Plant Pathology Herbarium, Department of Agriculture and Fisheries, Qld, Dutton Park, 4102, Australia

    Y. P. Tan & R. G. Shivas

  4. New South Wales Department of Agriculture, Wagga Wagga Agricultural Institute, Wagga Wagga, NSW, 2650, Australia

    K. Lindbeck

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  1. S. M. Thompson
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Correspondence to S. M. Neate.

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Thompson, S.M., Tan, Y.P., Neate, S.M. et al. Diaporthe novem isolated from sunflower (Helianthus annuus) and other crop and weed hosts in Australia. Eur J Plant Pathol 152, 823–831 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10658-018-1515-7

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Keywords

  • Chickpea
  • Disease
  • Faba bean
  • Lupin
  • Mungbean
  • Pathogenicity
  • Phomopsis
  • Sorghum
  • Soybean
  • Weed diseases