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Potential control of forest diseases by solutions of chitosan oligomers, propolis and nanosilver

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Abstract

There is a growing necessity to replace chemical agents with ecofriendly materials, arising from the impact on the environment and/or human health, which calls for the design of new broad-spectrum fungicides. In this work, chitosan oligomers (COs), propolis (Ps) and silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) mixtures in solution were assessed to control the growth of different phytopathogenic fungi and oomycetes in vitro. Binary solutions of COs-Ps and COs-AgNPs evinced the highest antifungal effect against Fusarium circinatum and Diplodia pinea fungi, respectively, with a ca. 80% reduction in their mycelial growth. The COs solution by itself also proved to be greatly effective against Gremmeniella abietina, Cryphonectria parasitica and Heterobasidion annosum fungi, causing a reduction of 78%, 86% and 93% in their growth rate, respectively. Likewise, COs also attained a 100% growth inhibition on the oomycete Phytophthora cambivora. On the other hand, Ps inhibited totally the growth of Phytophthora ×alni and Phytophthora plurivora. The application of AgNPs reduced the mycelial growth of F. circinatum and D. pinea. However, the AgNPs in some binary and ternary mixtures had a counter-productive effect on the anti-fungal/oomycete activity. In spite of the fact that the anti-fungal/oomycete activity of the different treatments showed a dependence on the particular type of microorganism, these solutions based on natural compounds can be deemed as a promising tool for control of tree diseases.

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Acknowledgements

This article is based upon work from COST Action FP1406 PINESTRENGTH (Pine pitch canker - strategies for management of Gibberella circinata in greenhouses and forests), supported by COST (European Cooperation in Science and Technology) and project AGL2015-69370-R (MINECO/FEDER) funded by the Spanish Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad and the Fondo Europeo de Desarrollo Regional (FEDER). Calabazanos Forest Health Center - Junta de Castilla y León (Villamuriel de Cerrato, Palencia, Spain) is gratefully acknowledged for supplying the Cryphonectria parasitica, Heterobasidion annosum fungi and the Phytophthora cambivora oomycete. I. Silva Castro would like to gratefully acknowledge the financial support of CONACYT, México, through the PhD Scholarship with ref. no. 329975. Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology (FCT) supported Jorge Martín-García (Post doc grant - SFRH/BPD/122928/2016).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Agricultural and Forestry Engineering, ETSIIAA, University of Valladolid, Avenida de Madrid 44, 34004, Palencia, Spain

    Iosody Silva-Castro & Jesús Martín-Gil

  2. Department of Biology, CESAM (Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies), University of Aveiro, Campus Universitario de Santiago, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal

    Jorge Martín-García

  3. Sustainable Forest Management Research Institute, University of Valladolid – INIA, Avenida de Madrid 57, 34004, Palencia, Spain

    Jorge Martín-García, Julio Javier Diez & Juan Asdrúbal Flores-Pacheco

  4. Department of Plant Production and Forestry Resources, ETSIIAA, University of Valladolid, Avenida de Madrid 57, 34004, Palencia, Spain

    Julio Javier Diez & Juan Asdrúbal Flores-Pacheco

  5. Department of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, EPS, Instituto de Investigación en Ciencias Ambientales de Aragón (IUCA), Universidad de Zaragoza, Carretera de Cuarte s/n, 22071, Huesca, Spain

    Pablo Martín-Ramos

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  1. Iosody Silva-Castro
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Silva-Castro, I., Martín-García, J., Diez, J.J. et al. Potential control of forest diseases by solutions of chitosan oligomers, propolis and nanosilver. Eur J Plant Pathol 150, 401–411 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10658-017-1288-4

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