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Characterization of Cylindrodendrum, Dactylonectria and Ilyonectria isolates associated with loquat decline in Spain, with description of Cylindrodendrum alicantinum sp. nov.

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Abstract

Thirty-one loquat orchards (Eriobotrya japonica ‘Algerie’) with plants exhibiting decline symptoms were surveyed between 2004 and 2007 in the province of Alicante, Spain. Twenty-eight representative isolates with Cylindrocarpon-like asexual morphs recovered from affected roots were included in this study, with the objective to characterize them by means of phenotypical characterization, DNA analysis and pathogenicity tests. Dactylonectria alcacerensis, D. torresensis and Ilyonectria robusta were identified based on morphological and cultural characteristics as well as DNA sequence data for part of histone H3, with D. torresensis the most frequent species. All of them are reported for the first time on loquat, and I. robusta is reported for the first time in Spain. In addition, one species is newly described, Cylindrodendrum alicantinum. Pathogenicity tests with representative isolates showed that these species were able to induce typical root rot disease symptoms, affecting plant development or even leading to plant death. This research demonstrates the association of species belonging to the genera Cylindrodendrum, Dactylonectria and Ilyonectria with root rot of loquat and loquat decline in the province of Alicante (eastern Spain). This information should be considered for the improvement of the current management strategies against these soil-borne pathogens when establishing new loquat plantations or introducing new susceptible fruit crops in the region.

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Acknowledgments

We acknowledge Dr. L. Lombard and Prof. Dr. P.W. Crous (CBS-KNAW Fungal Biodiversity Centre, The Netherlands) for valuable discussions and data sharing. This work was funded by the Cooperativa Agrícola de Callosa d’En Sarrià (Alicante, Spain). We would like to thank E. Soler for their technical assistance.

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  1. Elisa González-Domínguez

    Present address: Department of Sustainable Crop Production - DI.PRO.VE.S., Facoltà di Scienze agrarie, alimentari e ambientali, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Via Emilia Parmense, 84, 29122, Piacenza, Italy

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Instituto Agroforestal Mediterráneo, Universidad Politécnica de Valencia, Camino de Vera s/n, 46022, Valencia, Spain

    Carlos Agustí-Brisach, Elisa González-Domínguez, Ana Pérez-Sierra, Maela León, Paloma Abad-Campos, José García-Jiménez & Josep Armengol

  2. Linking Landscape, Environment, Agriculture and Food (LEAF), Instituto Superior de Agronomia, Universidade de Lisboa, Tapada da Ajuda, 1349-017, Lisbon, Portugal

    Ana Cabral & Helena Oliveira

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  1. Carlos Agustí-Brisach
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Correspondence to Josep Armengol.

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Agustí-Brisach, C., Cabral, A., González-Domínguez, E. et al. Characterization of Cylindrodendrum, Dactylonectria and Ilyonectria isolates associated with loquat decline in Spain, with description of Cylindrodendrum alicantinum sp. nov.. Eur J Plant Pathol 145, 103–118 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10658-015-0820-7

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