Abstract
The vital stain fluorescein diacetate (FDA) has long been used to assess the viability of Erysiphe necator ascospores in chasmothecia. To determine the viability of animal, plant and other cells, more complex staining procedures, for example simultaneous double-staining procedures based on the use of FDA and propidium iodide (PI), have also been widely used. This paper reports a refined, detailed version of this method and its limitations, where PI was replaced with ethidium bromide (EtBr), to be used in testing the viability of E. necator ascospores during overwintering in chasmothecia.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Chen, C. Y., & Séguin-Swartz, G. (2002). A rapid method for assessing the viability of fungal spores. Canadian Journal of Plant Pathology, 24, 230–232.
Cortesi, P., Gadoury, D. M., Seem, R. C., & Pearson, R. C. (1995). Distribution and retention of cleistothecia of Uncinula necator on the bark of gravepines. Plant Disease, 79, 15–19.
Cortesi, P., Bisiach, M., Ricciolini, M., & Gadoury, D. M. (1997). Cleistothecia of Uncinula necator - an additional source of inoculum in Italian vineyards. Plant Disease, 81, 922–926.
Evan, K. J., Scott, E. S., & Whisson, D. L. (1997). Heterothallism among south Australian clonal lines of Uncinula necator. Australasian Plant Pathology, 26, 10–20.
Ficke, A., Gadoury, D. M., & Seem, R. C. (2002). Ontogenic resistance and plant disease management: a case study of grape powdery mildew. Phytopathology, 92, 671–675.
Gadoury, D. M., & Pearson, R. C. (1991). Heterothalism and pathogenic specialization in Uncinula necator. Phytopathology, 81, 1287–1293.
Hajjeh, H., Miazzi, M., & Faretra, F. (2008). Overwintering of Erysiphe necator schw. In southern Italy. Journal of Plant Pathology, 90, 323–330.
Jones, K. H., & Senft, J. A. (1985). An improved method to determine cell viability by simultaneous staining with fluorescein diacetate-propidium iodide. Journal of Histochemistry & Cytochemistry, 33, 77–79.
Miazzi, M., Hajjeh, H., & Faretra, F. (2003). Observations on the population biology of the grape powdery mildew fungus Uncinula necator. Journal of Plant Pathology, 85, 123–129.
Moyer, M. M., Gadoury, D. M., Cadle-Davidson, L., Dry, I. B., Magarey, P. A., Wilcox, W. F., & Seem, R. C. (2010). Effects of acute low temperature events on development of Erysiphe necator and susceptibility of Vitis vinifera. Phytopathology, 100, 1240–1249.
Pearson, R. C., & Gadoury, D. M. (1987). Cleistothecia, the source of primary inoculum for grape powdery mildew in New York. Phytopathology, 77, 1509–1514.
Rossi, V., Caffi, T., & Legler, S. E. (2010). Dynamics of ascospore maturation and discharge in Erysiphe necator, the causal agent of grape powdery mildew. Phytopathology, 100, 1321–1329.
Widholm, J. M. (1972). The use of fluorescein diacetate and phenosafranine for determining viability of cultured plant cells. Stain Technology, 47, 189–194.
Acknowledgments
This research was partially supported by the European Union and the State of Hungary, co-financed by the European Social Fund in the framework of TÁMOP-4.2.2D-15/1/Konv-2015-003, and by a grant of the Hungarian Scientific Research Fund (OTKA NN 100415).
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Vági, P., Caffi, T., Váczy, K.Z. et al. Refining a method for ascospore viability testing in overwintering chasmothecia of Erysiphe necator . Eur J Plant Pathol 144, 799–802 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10658-015-0797-2
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10658-015-0797-2