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Induction of a defense response in strawberry mediated by an avirulent strain of Colletotrichum

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Abstract

In the strawberry crop area of Tucumán (north-west Argentina) the three species of Colletotrichum causing anthracnose disease (C. acutatum, C. fragariae and C. gloeosporioides) were detected. Among all isolates characterized, one of them identified as C. acutatum (M11) and another as C. fragariae (F7) were selected due to their conspicuous interaction with the strawberry cultivar Pájaro. Whereas isolate M11 produced a strong compatible interaction in cv. Pájaro with clear disease symptoms (DSR = 5.0), the isolate F7 brought about a typical incompatible interaction (DSR = 1.0). When plants of cv. Pájaro were inoculated with F7 prior to the inoculation with M11, the former avirulent strain prevented the growth of the latter virulent pathogen. Experimental evidence indicated that the time elapsed between the first inoculation with the avirulent pathogen and the second inoculation with the virulent one was crucial to inhibit the growth of the latter. The growth of F7 on the plant without provoking damage and the fact that there was no in vitro antagonistic effect between the pathogens, suggests that the avirulent strain triggers a plant defensive response against M11. The defense response was further confirmed by the detection of an early oxidative burst occurring within 4 h after the first inoculation and by the observation of anatomical changes associated with defense mechanisms that lasted 50 days after the inoculation with F7. Results obtained support the hypothesis that the plant resistance against the virulent strain M11 is elicited by one or more diffusible(s) compound(s) produced by the avirulent strain F7.

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Abbreviations

AOS:

Active Oxygen Species

dai:

day after inoculation

DSR:

Disease Severity Rating

hai:

hour after inoculation

RH:

Relative Humidity

SEM:

Surface Electron Microscopy

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Acknowledgements

This work was partially supported by the Consejo de Investigaciones de la Universidad Nacional de Tucumán (CIUNT, D346/1); Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET); Agencia Nacional de Promoción Científica y Tecnológica (UNT-PICTO 759). APC and JDR are members of CONICET. APC is also member of EEAOC.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Instituto Superior de Investigaciones Biológicas (INSIBIO; CONICET- UNT) and Instituto de Química Biológica “Dr. Bernabé Bloj”, Universidad Nacional de Tucumán, Chacabuco 461, 4000, San Miguel de Tucumán, Argentina

    S. M. Salazar, A. P. Castagnaro, M. E. Arias, N. Chalfoun, U. Tonello & J. C. Díaz Ricci

  2. Sección Biotecnología de la Estación Experimental Agroindustrial Obispo Colombres (EEAOC)-Unidad Asociada al INSIBIO, Av. William Cross 3150, Las Talitas, 4101, Tucumán, Argentina

    A. P. Castagnaro

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  1. S. M. Salazar
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  2. A. P. Castagnaro
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  3. M. E. Arias
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  4. N. Chalfoun
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  5. U. Tonello
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  6. J. C. Díaz Ricci
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Correspondence to A. P. Castagnaro or J. C. Díaz Ricci.

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Salazar, S.M., Castagnaro, A.P., Arias, M.E. et al. Induction of a defense response in strawberry mediated by an avirulent strain of Colletotrichum . Eur J Plant Pathol 117, 109–122 (2007). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10658-006-9075-7

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10658-006-9075-7

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