Assessing the age specificity of infection fatality rates for COVID-19: systematic review, meta-analysis, and public policy implications

Table 3 Age-specific fatality rates for COVID-19 infections vs. accidental deaths (%)

Age group	COVID-19 IFR (95% CI)	Automobile fatalities		Other accidental fatalities
Age group	COVID-19 IFR (95% CI)	England	USA	England	USA
0–34	0.004 (0.003–0.005)	0.002	0.015	0.004	0.032
35–44	0.068 (0.058–0.078)	0.002	0.012	0.017	0.043
45–54	0.23 (0.20–0.26)	0.002	0..013	0.019	0.043
55–64	0.75 (0.66–0.87)	0.003	0.013	0.014	0.043
65–74	2.5 (2.1–3.0)	0.003	0.013	0.020	0.040
75–84	8.5 (6.9–10.4)	0.005	0.017	0.069	0.094
85 +	28.3 (21.8–36.6)	0.007	0.019	0.329	0.349

This table compares IFRs for COVID-19 with the incidence of accidental deaths in England and in the USA. For each age group, the second column shows the metaregression estimate of the age-specific IFR with its 95% confidence interval enclosed in parentheses. The final four columns report the annual incidence of automobile fatalities and other accidental fatalities as a percent of the population of each age group in each country. The accidental fatality data for England as of 2019 is reported by the U.K. Office of National Statistics, while the corresponding U.S. data are reported as of 2018 by the U.S. National Center for Health Statistics [142, 143]