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A comprehensive approach to quantify the source identification and human health risk assessment of toxic elements in park dust

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Abstract

In this research, enrichment factor (EF) and pollution load index were utilized to explore the contamination characteristics of toxic elements (TEs) in park dust. The results exhibited that park dust in the study area was mainly moderately polluted, and the EF values of dust Cd, Zn, Pb, Cu and Sb were all > 1. The concentrations of Cr, Cu, Zn and Pb increased with the decrease of dust particle size. The investigation results of chemical speciation and bioavailability of TEs showed that Zn had the highest bioavailability. Three sources of TEs were determined by positive matrix factorization model, Pearson correlation analysis and geostatistical analysis, comprising factor 1 mixed sources of industrial and transportation activities (46.62%), factor 2 natural source (25.56%) and factor 3 mixed source of agricultural activities and the aging of park infrastructures (27.82%). Potential ecological risk (PER) and human health risk (HHR) models based on source apportionment were exploited to estimate PER and HHR of TEs from different sources. The mean PER value of TEs in the park dust was 114, indicating that ecological risk in the study area was relatively high. Factor 1 contributed the most to PER, and the pollution of Cd was the most serious. There were no significant carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic risks for children and adults in the study area. And factor 3 was the biggest source of non-carcinogenic risk, and As, Cr and Pb were the chief contributor to non-carcinogenic risk. The primary source of carcinogenic risk was factor 2, and Cr was the cardinal cancer risk element.

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Acknowledgements

The authors are grateful for the financial support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Project No. 41703108), Science & Technology Project of Education Department, Hubei Province, China (No. D20161301), Training Program of Innovation and Entrepreneurship for Undergraduates of Yangtze University (Yz2020380, Yz2020385), and Open Fund of Key Laboratory of Exploration Technologies for Oil and Gas Resources (Yangtze University), Ministry of Education of China (No. K2021-14).

Funding

This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Project No. 41703108), Science & Technology Project of Education Department, Hubei Province, China (No. D20161301), Training Program of Innovation and Entrepreneurship for Undergraduates of Yangtze University (Yz2020380, Yz2020385), and Open Fund of Key Laboratory of Exploration Technologies for Oil and Gas Resources (Yangtze University), Ministry of Education of China (No. K2021-14).

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  1. Hubei Key Laboratory of Petroleum Geochemistry and Environment, Yangtze University, Wuhan, 430100, China

    Chang-Chen Huang & Li-Mei Cai

  2. College of Resources and Environment, Yangtze University, Wuhan, 430100, China

    Chang-Chen Huang, Li-Mei Cai, Yao-Hui Xu, Luo Jie, Xu-Bang Xu & Jing-Xian Mei

  3. Key Laboratory of Mineralogy and Metallogeny, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510640, China

    Li-Mei Cai & Han-Zhi Wang

  4. Ministry of Ecology and Environment, South China Institute of Environmental Sciences, Guangzhou, 510535, China

    Guo-Cheng Hu & Lai-Guo Chen

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Contributions

CCH was involved in conceptualization, data analysis, experimentation, data curation and writing original draft. LMC and LGC was responsible for validation, funding acquisition and writing—review and editing. YHX and LJ took part in supervision and writing—review and editing. GCH participated in writing—review and editing. HZW, XBX and JXM contributed to experimentation and data curation. And all authors commented on previous versions of the manuscript. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.

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Correspondence to Li-Mei Cai or Lai-Guo Chen.

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Huang, CC., Cai, LM., Xu, YH. et al. A comprehensive approach to quantify the source identification and human health risk assessment of toxic elements in park dust. Environ Geochem Health 45, 5813–5827 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10653-023-01588-7

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10653-023-01588-7

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