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The role of various ameliorants on geochemical arsenic distribution and CO2-carbon efflux under paddy soil conditions

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Abstract

Climate change is a global challenge that is accelerated by contamination with hazardous substances like arsenic (As), posing threat to the agriculture, ecosystem and human health. Here, we explored the impact of various ameliorants on geochemical distribution of As in two soils with contrasting textures (sandy clay loam (Khudpur Village) and clay loam (Mattital Village)) under paddy soil conditions and their influence on the CO2-carbon efflux. The exchangeable As pool in clay loam soil increased as: lignite (0.4%) < biogas slurry (6%) < cow dung (9%), and < biochar (20%). However, in the sandy clay loam soil exchangeable soil As pool was found to be maximum with farmyard manure followed by biogas slurry, biochar and cow dung (17%, 14%, 13% and 7%, respectively). Interestingly, in the sandy clay loam soil the percentage As distribution in organic fraction was: biochar (38%) > cow dung (33%) > biogas slurry (23%) > sugarcane bagasse (22%) > farmyard manure (21%) that was higher compared to the clay loam soil (< 6% for all the amendments). In addition to the highest As immobilization by biochar in sandy clay loam soil, it also led to the lowest CO2-carbon efflux (1470 CO2–C mg kg−1) among all the organic/inorganic amendments. Overall, the current study advances our understanding on the pivotal role of organic amendments, notably biochar, in immobilizing As under paddy soil conditions with low (CO2) carbon loss, albeit it is dependent on soil and ameliorant types.

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Acknowledgements

The authors are thankful to Higher Education Commission (Project Nos. 6425/Punjab/NRPU/R&D/HEC/2016 and 6396/Punjab/NRPU/R&D/HEC/2016), Pakistan, for providing financial support. Drs Nabeel Khan Niazi and Irshad Bibi are thankful to the University of Agriculture Faisalabad. Dr Irshad Bibi acknowledges the support form COMSTEQ-TWAS research grant 2018 (18-268 RG/EAS/AS_C).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Institute of Soil and Environmental Sciences, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Faisalabad, 38040, Pakistan

    Muhammad Mahroz Hussain, Irshad Bibi, Zulfiqar Ahmad Saqib & Nabeel Khan Niazi

  2. Centre for Planetary Health and Food Security, Griffith University, Nathan Campus, Brisbane - QLD, 4110, Australia

    Fawad Ali

  3. Department of Agriculture and Fisheries, Mareeba, 4880, QLD, Australia

    Fawad Ali

  4. Department of Environmental Sciences, COMSATS University Islamabad, Vehari Campus, Vehari, Pakistan

    Muhammad Shahid

  5. Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Faisalabad, 38040, Pakistan

    Khalid Hussain

  6. Laboratory of Soil- and Groundwater-Management, School of Architecture and Civil Engineering, Institute of Foundation Engineering, Water- and Waste-Management, University of Wuppertal, Pauluskirchstraße 7, 42285, Wuppertal, Germany

    Sabry M. Shaheen & Jörg Rinklebe

  7. Faculty of Agriculture, Department of Soil and Water Sciences, University of Kafrelsheikh, Kafr El-Sheikh, 33516, Egypt

    Sabry M. Shaheen

  8. Faculty of Meteorology, Environment, and Arid Land Agriculture, Department of Arid Land Agriculture, King Abdulaziz University, Jiddah, 21589, Saudi Arabia

    Sabry M. Shaheen

  9. Biochar Engineering Technology Research Center of Guangdong Province, School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan, 528000, Guangdong, China

    Hailong Wang

  10. Key Laboratory of Soil Contamination Bioremediation of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, 311300, Zhejiang, China

    Hailong Wang

  11. Department of Environment, Energy and Geoinformatics, Sejong University, Seoul, 05006, South Korea

    Jörg Rinklebe

  12. Fodder Research Sub-Station, Ayub Agricultural Research Institute, Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan

    Qamar Shakil

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  1. Muhammad Mahroz Hussain
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Contributions

MMH, NKN, IB conceptualized the idea. MMH prepared initial draft. FA helped in various statistical analysis. NKN, IB, FA, ZAS and MS read, edited and improved the paper. KH, SMS, HW, QS and JR read, edited and improved paper.

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Correspondence to Nabeel Khan Niazi.

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Hussain, M.M., Bibi, I., Ali, F. et al. The role of various ameliorants on geochemical arsenic distribution and CO2-carbon efflux under paddy soil conditions. Environ Geochem Health 45, 507–523 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10653-021-01196-3

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