Sorption of brilliant green dye using soybean straw-derived biochar: characterization, kinetics, thermodynamics and toxicity studies

Environmental Geochemistry and Health (2021)Cite this article

Abstract

The present study was aimed to investigate brilliant green (BG) dye sorption onto soybean straw biochar (SSB) prepared at 800 °C and further understanding the sorption mechanism. Sorption kinetic models such as pseudo-first and pseudo-second order were executed for demonstrating sorption mechanism between the dye and biochar. Results of kinetics study were fitted well to pseudo-second-order kinetic model (R2 0.997) indicating that the reaction followed chemisorption mechanism. Furthermore, the effect of various parameters like sorbent dose, dye concentration, incubation time, pH and temperature on dye sorption was also studied. The maximum dye removal percentage and sorption capacity for SSB (800 °C) within 60 min were found to be 99.73% and 73.50 mg g− 1, respectively, at pH 8 and 60 °C temperature, whereas adsorption isotherm studies showed a higher correlation coefficient values for Freundlich model (R2 0.990–0.996) followed by Langmuir model suggesting that sorption process was multilayer. The characterization of biomass and biochar was performed with the aid of analytical techniques like scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) theory, X-ray diffraction (XRD) and thermo-gravimetric analysis (TGA). FTIR analysis showed active groups on biochar surface. BET study revealed higher surface area of biochar (194.7 m2/g) than the biomass (12.84 m2/g). Besides, phyto- and cytogenotoxic studies revealed significant decrease in the toxicity of dye containing water after treating with SSB. Therefore, this study has proved the sorption potential of soybean straw biochar for BG dye and could be further considered as sustainable cost-effective strategy for treating the textile dye-contaminated wastewater.

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Acknowledgements

G. Vyavahare would like to thank Chhatrapati Shahu Maharaj Research Training and Human Development Institute (SARTHI), Government of Maharashtra, for providing CMSRF fellowship. R. Gurav wishes to thank Konkuk University, Seoul, South Korea, for providing financial support under KU-Research Professor Programme-2020. R. Patil is grateful to National Post-Doctorate Fellowship funded by SERB (DST) India, for providing fellowship. S. Sutar would like to thank Shivaji University, Kolhapur, for awarding PURSE fellowship. D. Patil also wishes to acknowledge DST for providing INSPIRE fellowship. Y. H. Yang greatly appreciates financial support from National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) (NRF-2019R1F1A1058805, NRF-2019M3E6A1103979), Research Program to solve social issues of the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) funded by the Ministry of Science and ICT, South Korea (2017M3A9E4077234).

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Affiliations

  1. Department of Biotechnology, Shivaji University, Vidyanagar, Kolhapur, Maharashtra, 416004, India

    Govind Vyavahare, Shubham Sutar, Devashree Patil & Jyoti Jadhav

  2. Department of Biological Engineering, College of Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul, 05029, South Korea

    Ranjit Gurav & Yung-Hun Yang

  3. Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University, Mumbai, Maharashtra, 410206, India

    Ravishankar Patil

  4. School of Bioscience and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, 632014, India

    Pooja Jadhav

  5. Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria (Ministry of Education), Tianjin Engineering Center of Environmental Diagnosis and Contamination Remediation, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China

    Jingchun Tang

  6. Defence Institute of Advanced Technology (DIAT), Girinagar, Pune, Maharashtra, 411025, India

    Chetan Chavan & Sangeeta Kale

  7. Department of Biochemistry, Shivaji University, Vidyanagar, Kolhapur, Maharashtra, 416004, India

    Jyoti Jadhav

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  1. Govind Vyavahare
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  2. Ranjit Gurav
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Contributions

Govind Vyavahare contributed to conceptualization, methodology and writing—original draft. Ranjit Gurav was involved in conceptualization, validation and supervision. Ravishankar Patil and Jingchun Tang contributed to validation. Shubham Sutar and Sangeeta Kale were involved in formal analysis. Pooja Jadhav contributed to visualization. Devashree Patil was involved in methodology. Yung-HunYang contributed to writing—review and editing. Chetan Chavan was involved in resources. Jyoti Jadhav contributed to writing—review and editing, funding acquisition and supervision.

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Vyavahare, G., Gurav, R., Patil, R. et al. Sorption of brilliant green dye using soybean straw-derived biochar: characterization, kinetics, thermodynamics and toxicity studies. Environ Geochem Health (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10653-020-00804-y

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Keywords

  • Biochar
  • Brilliant green
  • Kinetics
  • Soybean straw
  • Thermodynamics
  • Toxicity