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Long-term geochemical evolution of acidic mine wastes under anaerobic conditions

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Abstract

A nearly 5-year anaerobic incubation experiment was conducted to observe the geochemical evolution of an acidic mine waste. Long-term storage of the mine waste under strict anaerobic conditions caused marked increase in aqueous sulfur, while aqueous iron showed no remarkable change. Co-existing oxidation and reduction of elemental sulfur appeared to play a central role in controlling the evolutionary trends of aqueous sulfur and iron. Addition of organic matter increased the aqueous Fe concentration, possibly due to enhanced iron mobilization by microbial iron reduction and increased iron solubility by forming organically complexed Fe species. Further addition of CaCO3 resulted in immobilization of aqueous iron and sulfur due to elevated pH and gypsum formation. The chemical behaviors of environmentally significant metals were markedly affected by the added organic matter; Al, Cr, Cu, Ni and Zn tended to be immobilized probably due to elevated pH and complexation with insoluble organic molecules, while As and Pb tended to be mobilized. Jarosite exhibited high stability after nearly 5 years of anaerobic incubation and even under circumneutral pH conditions. Long-term weathering of aluminosilicate through acid attack raised pH, while continuous reaction between the added CaCO3 and mine waste-borne stored acid decreased pH.

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Acknowledgments

This work was financially supported by the Natural Science Foundation of China (Project numbers: 40471067 and 40773058), the Guangdong Bureau of Science and Technology (Project no. 2005A30402006), and the South China Institute of Environmental Science (Project No. zx_200911_002).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. The Key Laboratory of Water and Air Pollution Control of Guangdong Province, South China Institute of Environmental Science, Guangzhou, 510655, China

    Wenzhou Lu

  2. Centre for Ecological and Environmental Technologies, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China

    Wenzhou Lu

  3. Australian Centre for Sustainable Catchments, University of Southern Queensland, Toowoomba, QLD, 4350, Australia

    Chuxia Lin

  4. National Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing, 100012, China

    Yingqun Ma

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  1. Wenzhou Lu
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  2. Chuxia Lin
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Correspondence to Chuxia Lin.

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Lu, W., Lin, C. & Ma, Y. Long-term geochemical evolution of acidic mine wastes under anaerobic conditions. Environ Geochem Health 35, 523–533 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10653-013-9512-4

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10653-013-9512-4

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