Abstract
Collaborative work in small groups is often a suitable context for yielding substantial individual learning outcomes. Indeed, small-group collaboration has recently become an educational goal rather than a means. Yet, this goal is difficult to attain, and students must be taught how to learn together. In this paper, we focus on how to prepare teachers to become facilitators of small-group collaboration. The current case study monitors a group of six prospective teachers and their instructor during a one-semester course. The instructor was a skilled mathematics teacher with strong beliefs about what is entailed in establishing a mini-culture of learning to learn together and about how to facilitate student group work in problem-solving situations. We describe the learning path followed by the instructor, including the digital environment. The findings show that by the end of the course, the students became more competent facilitators of learning to learn together.
Notes
Chapman (2011), O’Connor (2001) and Stein and colleagues (2008) conducted studies with elementary or middle school mathematics teachers that considered the whole class as a group and were aimed at promoting teachers’ inquiry-based learning of their own practice. Nevertheless, these studies, which reported on teachers’ advancements, focused on the whole class and not on facilitating small-group collaboration.
Metafora provides tools that allow students to engage in discussion and argumentation. Specifically, LASAD enables the co-elaboration of argumentation maps. Hence, LASAD is used as a space for engaging in critical peer evaluation (Loll, Pinkwart, Scheuer, & McLaren, 2012).
In sociology and social psychology, breaching of experiments is well known. In these experiments, a norm or rule is intentionally violated to learn about participant attitude toward such violation. In our case, norms were breached not as a pre-planned methodical decision, but as part of what happened in the course. Hence, we believe that our interpretation is plausible.
Here, we provide only a short description of the students’ work, as we focus on the teacher group. For a detailed account of the students’ actions while solving this problem, see Schwarz et al., 2015.
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Tabach, M., Schwarz, B.B. Professional development of mathematics teachers toward the facilitation of small-group collaboration. Educ Stud Math 97, 273–298 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10649-017-9796-x
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10649-017-9796-x