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Development of marine water quality criteria for inorganic mercury in China based on the retrievable toxicity data and a comparison with relevant criteria or guidelines

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Abstract

The development of marine water quality criteria (WQC) in China has been insufficient because data on the toxicity of pollutants for marine organisms based on the species sensitivity distribution (SSD) method are lacking. The Chinese aquatic environmental quality standards, including those for seawater, were derived from the developed countries. Therefore, establishing Chinese marine WQC is crucial for identifying the sensitivity of marine species in China and will improve their protection from threats. Mercury (Hg) is one of the primary pollutants commonly exceeding Chinese seawater quality standards. Several countries have developed their marine WQC for inorganic Hg in the past decades, but no study has been conducted in China. In this study, 45 acute toxicity and 14 chronic toxicity data of inorganic Hg on the marine species which inhabit in China were obtained mainly from the ECOTOX database, the CNKI, and the Google Scholar. The acute and chronic hazardous concentrations for 5% of the species (HC5) were calculated based on the best-fit distribution model Sweibull. The criteria for maximum and continuous concentrations of 1.30 and 0.66 μg/L, respectively, for inorganic Hg to protect marine organisms in China were derived by halving the HC5 values. The criteria were comparable to those of the United States, Australia, and the European Union countries, indicating the general applicability of WQCs developed based on the classical SSD method using different species groups. This study may provide valuable information for assessing marine ecological risk in China.

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Acknowledgements

This work was funded by the National Marine Public Welfare Research Project of China (No. 201505008-2), the Grants from Scientific Research Fund of the Second Institute of Oceanography, State Oceanic Administration (No. JG1526, JG1616, and JG1718), and the Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 41306112).

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  1. Second Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, No. 36, Baochu North Road, Hangzhou, 310012, China

    Qiang Liu, Xiaoqun Xu, Jiangning Zeng, Wei Huang, Xudan Xu, Lu Shou & Quanzhen Chen

  2. Key Laboratory of Marine Ecosystem and Biogeochemistry, State Oceanic Administration, Hangzhou, 310012, China

    Qiang Liu, Xiaoqun Xu, Jiangning Zeng, Wei Huang, Xudan Xu, Lu Shou & Quanzhen Chen

  3. Ocean College of Zhejiang University, Zhoushan, 316000, China

    Jiangning Zeng

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Liu, Q., Xu, X., Zeng, J. et al. Development of marine water quality criteria for inorganic mercury in China based on the retrievable toxicity data and a comparison with relevant criteria or guidelines. Ecotoxicology 28, 412–421 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10646-019-02032-2

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