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DNA damage exerted by mixtures of commercial formulations of glyphosate and imazethapyr herbicides in Rhinella arenarum (Anura, Bufonidae) tadpoles

Ecotoxicology volume 28, pages 367–377 (2019)Cite this article

Abstract

Glyphosate (GLY) and imazethapyr (IMZT) are two herbicides commonly used worldwide, either alone or in mixtures. They represent key pesticides in modern agricultural management. The toxicity that results when employed as mixtures has not been characterized so far. Acute toxicity of the 48% GLY-based herbicide (GBH) Credit® and the 10.59% IMZT-based herbicide (IBH) Pivot® H alone and their binary combinations was analyzed in Rhinella arenarum tadpoles exposed in a semi-static renewal test. Lethal effects were determined using mortality as the end-point, whereas sublethal effects were determined employing the single-cell gel electrophoresis (SCGE) bioassay. Based on mortality experiments, results revealed LC5096 h values of 78.18 mg/L GBH and 0.99 mg/L IBH for Credit® and Pivot® H, respectively. An increase in the genetic damage index (GDI) was found after exposure to Credit® or Pivot® H at 5 and 10% of LC5096 h values. The combinations of 5% Credit®-5% Pivot® H LC5096 h and 10% Credit®-10% Pivot® H LC5096 h concentrations significantly enhanced the GDI in comparison with tadpoles exposed only to Credit® or Pivot® H. Thus, the effect of interaction between GBH and IBH inducing DNA damage in R. arenarum blood cells can be considered to be synergistic.

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Acknowledgements

The current study has been included as whole chapter not subjected to peer review in the Doctoral Thesis presented by Wanessa Fernandes-Carvalho entitled “Genotoxic and mutagenic evaluation of herbicides in aquatic organisms” whose complete version is publicly available in the repository of the Universidade Federal de Goiás, Brazil (http://repositorio.bc.ufg.br/tede/handle/tede/8423). The authors acknowledge Guillermo S. Natale, Ph.D., for providing the R. arenarum specimens employed in the study. This study was supported by grants from the National University of La Plata (Grants 11/N817 and 11/N847), and the National Agency of Scientific and Technological Promotion (PICT 2015 Number 3059) from Argentina. W.F. Carvalho is the recipient of a fellowship from “Programa de Doutorado Sanduíche no Exterior (CAPES-PDSE-Edital no. 19/2016, Processo: 88881.135034-2016-01), who is also acknowledged.

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  1. These authors contributed equally: Wanessa F. Carvalho, Celeste Ruiz de Arcaute, Juan Manuel Pérez-Iglesias

Affiliations

  1. Cátedra de Citología, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Museo, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, Calle 64 N° 3, La Plata, 1900, Argentina

    Wanessa F. Carvalho, Celeste Ruiz de Arcaute, Juan Manuel Pérez-Iglesias, Milagros R. R. Laborde, Sonia Soloneski & Marcelo L. Larramendy

  2. Departamento de Genética, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, Brazil

    Wanessa F. Carvalho

  3. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina

    Celeste Ruiz de Arcaute, Juan Manuel Pérez-Iglesias, Sonia Soloneski & Marcelo L. Larramendy

  4. Agencia Nacional de Promoción Científica y Tecnológica (ANPCyT), Buenos Aires, Argentina

    Milagros R. R. Laborde

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  1. Wanessa F. Carvalho
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  2. Celeste Ruiz de Arcaute
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  3. Juan Manuel Pérez-Iglesias
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  4. Milagros R. R. Laborde
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  6. Marcelo L. Larramendy
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Correspondence to Marcelo L. Larramendy.

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Carvalho, W.F., Ruiz de Arcaute, C., Pérez-Iglesias, J.M. et al. DNA damage exerted by mixtures of commercial formulations of glyphosate and imazethapyr herbicides in Rhinella arenarum (Anura, Bufonidae) tadpoles. Ecotoxicology 28, 367–377 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10646-019-02029-x

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Keywords

  • Amphibians
  • Credit®
  • Comet assay
  • Herbicide binary mixture
  • Pivot® H