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Proteomic and metabolomic analysis of marine medaka (Oryzias melastigma) after acute ammonia exposure

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Abstract

Ammonia is both a highly toxic environmental pollutant and the major nitrogenous waste produced by ammoniotelic teleosts. Although the acute toxic effects of ammonia have been widely studied in fish, the biochemical mechanisms of its toxicity have not been understood comprehensively. In this study, we performed comparative proteomic and metabolomic analysis between ammonia-challenged (1.2 and 2.6 mmol L−1 NH4Cl for 96 h) and control groups of marine medaka (Oryzias melastigma) to identify changes of the metabolite and protein profiles in response to ammonia stress. The metabolic responses included changes of multiple amino acids, carbohydrates (glucose and glycogen), energy metabolism products (ATP and creatinine), and other metabolites (choline and phosphocholine) after ammonia exposure, indicating that ammonia mainly caused disturbance in energy metabolism and amino acids metabolism. The two-dimensional electrophoresis-based proteomic study identified 23 altered proteins, which were involved in nervous system, locomotor system, cytoskeleton assembly, immune stress, oxidative stress, and signal transduction of apoptosis. These results suggested that ammonia not only induced oxidative stress, immune stress, cell injury and apoptosis but also affected the motor ability and central nervous system in marine medaka. It is the first time that metabolomic and proteomic approaches were integrated to elucidate ammonia toxicity in marine fishes. This study is of great value in better understanding the mechanisms of ammonia toxicity in marine fishes and in practical aspects of aquaculture.

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Acknowledgements

This study was funded by National Natural Science Foundation of China (31501862) to LZ; National Natural Science Foundation of China (41376161), Science and Technology Planning Project of Guangdong Province, China (2014B030301064) and Hundred Talents Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (Y2SL021001) to LZ.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-Resources and Ecology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510301, China

    Limei Zhu, Na Gao, Ruifang Wang & Li Zhang

  2. University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China

    Na Gao

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  1. Limei Zhu
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  2. Na Gao
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  4. Li Zhang
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Correspondence to Li Zhang.

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All applicable international, national, and/or institutional guidelines for the care and use of animals were followed. All procedures performed were approved by the Animal Research Ethics Board of Chinese Academy of Sciences and were in accordance with the Guidelines of the Chinese Council on Laboratory Animal Care. This article does not contain any studies with human participants performed by any of the authors.

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Zhu, L., Gao, N., Wang, R. et al. Proteomic and metabolomic analysis of marine medaka (Oryzias melastigma) after acute ammonia exposure. Ecotoxicology 27, 267–277 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10646-017-1892-2

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