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An assessment of exposure and effects of persistent organic pollutants in an urban Cooper’s hawk (Accipiter cooperii) population

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Abstract

Among the stressors confronting urban wildlife, chemical contaminants pose a particular problem for high trophic feeding species. Previous data from fortuitous carcass collections revealed surprisingly high levels of persistent organic pollutants in raptor species, including the Cooper’s hawk (Accipiter cooperii), from urbanized areas of southwestern British Columbia, Canada. Thus, in 2012 and 2013, we followed up on that finding by measuring POPs in blood samples from 21 adult and 15 nestling Cooper’s hawks in Vancouver, a large urban area in southwestern Canada. Reproductive success and circulating thyroid hormones were measured to assess possible toxicological effects. Model comparisons showed concentrations of polychlorinated biphenyls (ΣPCBs) were positively influenced by the level of urbanization. Total thyroxin (TT4) was negatively associated with increases in ΣPCBs. Total triiodothyronine (TT3) was negatively associated with ΣPCBs and polybrominated diphenyl ethers (ΣPBDEs). The legacy insecticide, dieldrin, appeared to have some negative influence on reproductive success. There is some evidence of biochemical perturbation by PBDEs and lingering impact of legacy POPs which have not been used for at least 40 years, but overall Cooper’s hawks have successfully populated this urban environment.

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Acknowledgments

We thank Kristine Kirkby, Sandi Lee, and Shane Blacktopp for invaluable assistance in the field, O.W.L. Orphaned Wildlife Rehabilitation Society who loaned the two great horned owls Blinkie and Betty, used for trapping, Andy Stewart, for his insight and advice, Nature Vancouver, Paul Yorke for their insight into nest locations, Metro Vancouver, the city of Vancouver, Burnaby, Surrey and Port Moody facilitated nest finding and access,  the UC Davis Stable Isotope Facility, Environment Canada’s National Wildlife Research Center and their chemists and technician: John Corriveau, Abde Idrissez, Eric Pelletier, Jeannette Corriveau and Guy Savard are thanked for analytical and tissue preparation work. Thank you to Lindsay Davidson for her acumen and support, and to Ron Ydenberg, Tony Williams, and the Centre for Wildlife Ecology at Simon Fraser University are also thanked for their wisdom and guidance. Funding was provided by Environment Canada and by a Canadian National Science and Engineering Research Council grant (402344-2011) to John Elliott.

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  1. Department of Biological Sciences, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC, V5A 1 S7, Canada

    Jason M. Brogan, David J. Green & John E. Elliott

  2. Environment Canada, Science and Technology Branch, Ottawa, ON, K1A 0H3, Canada

    France Maisonneuve

  3. Environment Canada, Science and Technology Branch, Delta, BC, V4K 3N2, Canada

    John E. Elliott

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  1. Jason M. Brogan
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Brogan, J.M., Green, D.J., Maisonneuve, F. et al. An assessment of exposure and effects of persistent organic pollutants in an urban Cooper’s hawk (Accipiter cooperii) population. Ecotoxicology 26, 32–45 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10646-016-1738-3

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