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Metal sensitivity of the embryonic development of the ramshorn snail Marisa cornuarietis (Prosobranchia)

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Abstract

We investigated the effects of metal ions on the embryonic development of the ramshorn snail, Marisa cornuarietis, by exposing embryos to varying concentrations of copper (0, 50, 100, and 250 μg Cu2+/L), lead (0, 5, 10, and 15 mg Pb2+/L), lithium (0, 1, 2.5, and 3 mg Li+/L), or palladium (0, 50, 100, and 500 μg Pd2+/L). Effects of these metals were examined by recording mortality, the rate of tentacles and eyes formation, heart rate, hatching success, and weight after hatching. Compared to the control, we found a significant delay in the formation of tentacles and eyes after treatment with 100 μg Cu2+/L, 15 mg Pb2+/L, 2.5 mg Li+/L or 500 μg Pd2+/L. The heart rate decreased significantly at 500 μg Pd2+/L. At 10 mg Pb2+/L, 2.5 mg Li+/L, or 500 μg Pd2+/L, hatching was delayed significantly; 50 μg Cu2+/L induced a significantly earlier hatching, and reduced body weight. The LC50 values were calculated to be about 50 μg Cu2+/L, 500 μg Pd2+/L, 2500 μg Li+/L, and 10000 μg Pb2+/L. These results show that the embryonic development of M. cornuarietis is about as sensitive to copper and lithium, compared to the most sensitive fishes used in embryo toxicity testing. Even though the MariETT is a laboratory-based assay focusing on toxicological endpoints of a selected model species, future application is envisaged to include testing of “natural” samples such as stream water or sediment interstitial water.

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Acknowledgments

The authors would like to thank Jörg Oehlmann, University of Frankfurt/Main, Germany, for providing animals from which our Marisa cornuarietis stock has originated.

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  1. Animal Physiological Ecology Department, University of Tübingen, Konrad-Adenauer-Strasse 20, 72072, Tübingen, Germany

    Banthita Sawasdee & Heinz-R. Köhler

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  1. Banthita Sawasdee
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  2. Heinz-R. Köhler
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Correspondence to Banthita Sawasdee.

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Sawasdee, B., Köhler, HR. Metal sensitivity of the embryonic development of the ramshorn snail Marisa cornuarietis (Prosobranchia). Ecotoxicology 19, 1487–1495 (2010). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10646-010-0534-8

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