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Novel [l,2,4]triazolo[3,4-a]isoquinoline chalcones as new chemotherapeutic agents: Block IAP tyrosine kinase domain and induce both intrinsic and extrinsic pathways of apoptosis

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Summary

Two novel chemotherapeutic chalcones were synthesized and their structures were confirmed by different spectral tools. Theoretical studies such as molecular modeling were done to detect the mechanism of action of these compounds. In vitro cytotoxicity showed a strong effect against all tested cell lines (MCF7, A459, HepG2, and HCT116), and low toxic effect against normal human melanocytes (HFB4). The lung carcinoma cell line was chosen for further molecular studies. Real-time PCR demonstrated that the two compounds upregulated gene expression of (BAX, p53, casp-3, casp-8, casp-9) genes and decreased the expression of anti-apoptotic genes bcl2, CDK4, and MMP1. Flow-cytometry indicated that cell cycle arrest of A459 was induced at the G2/M phase and the apoptotic percentage increased significantly compared to the control sample. Cytochrome c oxidase and VEGF enzyme activity were detected by ELISA assay. SEM tool was used to follow the morphological changes that occurred on the cell surface, cell granulation, and average roughness of the cell surface. The change in the number and morphology of mitochondria, cell shrinkage, increase in the number of cytoplasmic organelles, membrane blebbing, chromatin condensation, and apoptotic bodies were observed using TEM. The obtained data suggested that new chalcones exerted their pathways on lung carcinoma through induction of two pathways of apoptosis.

Novel chalcones were prepared and confirmed by different spectral tools. Docking simulations were done to detect the mechanism of action. In vitro cytotoxicity indicated a strong effect against different cancer cell lines and low toxic effects against normal human melanocytes (HFB4). The lung carcinoma cell line was chosen for further molecular studies that include Real-time PCR, Flow-cytometry, Cytochrome c oxidase, and ELISA assay. SEM and TEM tool were used to follow the morphological changes occurred on the cell surface

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This work was supported by the personal fund.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Chemistry (Biochemistry Branch), Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt

    Magda F. Mohamed & Nada S. Ibrahim

  2. Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Arts, Khulais, University of Jeddah, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia

    Magda F. Mohamed

  3. Organometallic and Organometalloid Chemistry Department, National Research Centre, 12622, Cairo, Egypt

    Farid M. Sroor

  4. Chemistry Department (Biotechnology-Biomolecular Chemistry Program), Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt

    Ghada S. Salem, Hadeer H. El-Sayed, Marwa M. Mahmoud, Menna-Allah M. Wagdy, Amina M. Ahmed, Aya-Allah T. Mahmoud, Somia S. Ibrahim & Mariam M. Ismail

  5. Department of Pesticide Chemistry, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt

    Sanaa Mohy Eldin

  6. Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt

    Fatma M. Saleh, Hamdi M. Hassaneen & Ismail A. Abdelhamid

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  1. Magda F. Mohamed
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Mohamed, M.F., Sroor, F.M., Ibrahim, N.S. et al. Novel [l,2,4]triazolo[3,4-a]isoquinoline chalcones as new chemotherapeutic agents: Block IAP tyrosine kinase domain and induce both intrinsic and extrinsic pathways of apoptosis. Invest New Drugs 39, 98–110 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10637-020-00987-2

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