Abstract
This paper gives new methods of constructing symmetric self-dual codes over a finite field GF(q) where q is a power of an odd prime. These methods are motivated by the well-known Pless symmetry codes and quadratic double circulant codes. Using these methods, we construct an amount of symmetric self-dual codes over GF(11), GF(19), and GF(23) of every length less than 42. We also find 153 new self-dual codes up to equivalence: they are [32, 16, 12], [36, 18, 13], and [40, 20, 14] codes over GF(11), [36, 18, 14] and [40, 20, 15] codes over GF(19), and [32, 16, 12], [36, 18, 14], and [40, 20, 15] codes over GF(23). They all have new parameters with respect to self-dual codes. Consequently, we improve bounds on the highest minimum distance of self-dual codes, which have not been significantly updated for almost two decades.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Ball S.: On sets of vectors of a finite vector space in which every subset of basis size is a basis. J. Eur. Math. Soc. 14(3), 733–748 (2012).
Bannai E., Dougherty S.T., Harada M., Oura M.: Type II codes, even unimodular lattices, and invariant rings. IEEE Trans. Inform. Theory 45(4), 1194–1205 (1999).
Be’Ery I., Raviv N., Raviv T., Be’Ery Y.: Active deep decoding of linear codes. IEEE Trans. Commun. 68(2), 728–736 (2019).
Bernhard R.: Codes and Siegel modular forms. Discret. Math. 148(1–3), 175–204 (1996).
Betsumiya K., Georgiou S., Gulliver T.A., Harada M.: On self-dual codes over some prime fields. Discret. Math. 262(1–3), 37–58 (2003).
Cannon J.: Playoust: An Introduction to Magma. University of Sydney, Sydney (1994).
Çalkavur S., Solé P.: Secret sharing, zero sum sets, and Hamming codes. Mathematics 8(10), 1644 (2020).
Choi W.-H., Kim J.-L.: Self-dual codes, symmetric matrices, and eigenvectors. IEEE Access 9, 104294–104303 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1109/ACCESS.2021.3099434.
Conway J.H., Sloane N.J.A.: Sphere Packings, Lattices and Groups, 3rd edn Springer, New York (1999).
Dougherty S.T., Gildea J., Kaya A.: \(2^n\) Bordered constructions of self-dual codes from group rings. Finite Fields Appl. 67, 101692 (2020).
De Boer M.A.: Almost MDS codes. Des. Codes Cryptogr. 9(2), 143–155 (1996).
Gaborit P.: Quadratic double circulant codes over fields. J. Comb. Theory Ser. A 97(1), 85–107 (2002).
Grassl M.D.: On self-dual MDS codes. In: ISIT 2008, Toronto, Canada, July 6–11, pp. 1954–1957 (2008).
Grassl M., Gulliver T.A.: On circulant self-dual codes over small fields. Des. Codes Cryptogr. 52(1), 57 (2009). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10623-009-9267-1.
Gulliver T.A., Kim J.-L., Lee Y.: New MDS or near-MDS self-dual codes. IEEE Trans. Inform. Theory 54(9), 4354–4360 (2008).
Harada M., Munemasa A., Tonchev V.D.: Self-dual codes and the nonexistence of a quasi-symmetric 2-(37, 9, 8) design with intersection numbers 1 and 3. J. Comb. Des. 25(10), 469–476 (2017).
Huffman W.C., Pless V.: Fundamentals of Error-Correcting Codes. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge (2010).
Huang L., Zhang H., Li R., Ge Y., Wang J.: AI coding: learning to construct error correction codes. IEEE Trans. Commun. 68(1), 26–39 (2019).
Kim H.J., Lee Y.: Extremal quasi-cyclic self-dual codes over finite fields. Finite Fields Appl. 52, 301–318 (2018).
Kim J.-L.: Generator matrices for this paper. https://cicagolab.sogang.ac.kr/cicagolab/2657.html.
Park Y.H.: The classification of self-dual modular codes. Finite Fields Appl. 17(5), 442–460 (2011).
Pless V.: Symmetry codes and their invariant subcodes. J. Comb. Theory Ser. A 18(1), 116–125 (1975).
Pless V.: Symmetry codes over GF (3) and new five-designs. J. Comb. Theory Ser. A 12(1), 119–142 (1972).
Sendrier N.: Code-based cryptography: state of the art and perspectives. IEEE Secur. Privacy 15(4), 44–50 (2017).
Shi M., Sok L., Solé P., Çalkavur S.: Self-dual codes and orthogonal matrices over large finite fields. Finite Fields Appl. 54, 297–314 (2018).
Sok L.: Explicit constructions of MDS self-dual codes. IEEE Trans. Inform. Theory 66(6), 2954877 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1109/TIT.2019.2954877.
Sok L.: New families of self-dual codes. Des. Codes Cryptogr. 89, 823–841 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10623-021-00847-x.
Acknowledgements
The authors sincerely thank Dr. Markus Grassl for his helpful comments which was crucial for the implementation.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Additional information
Publisher's Note
Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.
The author (Whan-Hyuk Choi) is supported by the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) Grant funded by the Korea Government (NRF-2019R1I1A1A01057755) and is supported by NRF under the project code 2020K2A9A1A06108874. The author (Jon-Lark Kim) is supported by the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) Grant funded by the Korea government (NRF-2019R1A2C1088676) and is supported by NRF under the project code 2020K2A9A1A06108874.
This is one of several papers published in Designs, Codes and Cryptography comprising the “Special Issue: On Coding Theory and Combinatorics: In Memory of Vera Pless”.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Choi, W.H., Kim, J.L. An improved upper bound on self-dual codes over finite fields GF(11), GF(19), and GF(23). Des. Codes Cryptogr. 90, 2735–2751 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10623-021-00968-3
Received:
Revised:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10623-021-00968-3