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Secretory Phospholipase A2 IIa Mediates Expression of Growth Factor Receptors in Esophageal Adenocarcinoma

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Abstract

Background

Receptor tyrosine kinases of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) family such as human epidermal receptor-2 (HER2) are involved in the development and progression of esophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC). Prior studies have demonstrated that group IIa secretory phospholipase A2 (sPLA2 IIa) can function as a ligand for the EGFR family of receptors and lead to an increase in receptor signaling.

Aims

We hypothesized that sPLA2 IIa inhibition downregulates the expression of EGFR and HER-2 in EAC and through this mechanism decreases proliferation in EAC.

Methods

Normal human esophageal epithelium, Barrett’s esophagus (BE), and EAC tissue samples were assayed for baseline expression of EGFR, HER-2, and sPLA2 IIa. sPLA2 IIa was attenuated via inhibitor or lentiviral knockdown in esophageal cell lines, and cells were assayed for EGFR and HER2 expression as well as proliferation. FLO1 EAC cells were injected into the flank of nude mice. After randomization, mice received daily group IIA sPLA2 inhibitor or a control solution, and tumor volume was measured with calipers.

Results

sPLA2 IIa, EGFR, and HER2 expression increased across the spectrum of normal esophageal epithelium to EAC. sPLA2 IIa inhibition and knockdown decreased the expression of HER-2 and EGFR and proliferation. Mice treated with sPLA2 IIa inhibitor had smaller tumors than controls.

Conclusions

sPLA2 IIa inhibition decreases EGFR and HER2 expression and lowers proliferation of human EAC. The discovery of sPLA2 IIa inhibition’s ability to attenuate growth factor receptor signaling underscores the exciting potential of sPLA2 IIa inhibitors as therapeutics in the treatment of EAC.

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Abbreviations

BE:

Barrett’s esophagus

BSA:

Bovine serum albumin

DMEM:

Dulbecco’s modified eagle medium

DMSO:

Dimethyl sulfoxide

EAC:

Esophageal adenocarcinoma

EGF:

Epidermal growth factor

EGFR:

Epidermal growth factor receptor

GAPDH:

Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase

HER2:

Human epidermal receptor-2

IHC:

Immunohistochemistry]

IP:

Intraperitoneal

MTS:

(3-(4,5-dimethylithiazol-2-yl)-5-(3-carboxymethoxyphenyl)-2-(4-sulfophenyl)-2H-tetrazolium)

RPMI:

Roswell Park Memorial Institute Media

SCC:

Squamous cell carcinoma

shRNA:

Short hairpin ribonucleic acid

sPLA2 IIa:

Group IIa secretory phospholipase A2

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Acknowledgments

We would like to acknowledge the University of Colorado Research Histology Core Laboratory for assistance with immunohistochemistry and Dr. Jeffrey Kaplan, MD, for the pathologic interpretation of the immunohistochemistry.

Funding

This work was funded by the Department of Surgery, Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, and American Cancer Society Institutional Research Grant #16-184-56.

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Correspondence to Alison L. Halpern.

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Halpern, A.L., Kohtz, P.D., White, A.M. et al. Secretory Phospholipase A2 IIa Mediates Expression of Growth Factor Receptors in Esophageal Adenocarcinoma. Dig Dis Sci 66, 784–795 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10620-020-06241-2

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