Abstract
Background
Receptor tyrosine kinases of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) family such as human epidermal receptor-2 (HER2) are involved in the development and progression of esophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC). Prior studies have demonstrated that group IIa secretory phospholipase A2 (sPLA2 IIa) can function as a ligand for the EGFR family of receptors and lead to an increase in receptor signaling.
Aims
We hypothesized that sPLA2 IIa inhibition downregulates the expression of EGFR and HER-2 in EAC and through this mechanism decreases proliferation in EAC.
Methods
Normal human esophageal epithelium, Barrett’s esophagus (BE), and EAC tissue samples were assayed for baseline expression of EGFR, HER-2, and sPLA2 IIa. sPLA2 IIa was attenuated via inhibitor or lentiviral knockdown in esophageal cell lines, and cells were assayed for EGFR and HER2 expression as well as proliferation. FLO1 EAC cells were injected into the flank of nude mice. After randomization, mice received daily group IIA sPLA2 inhibitor or a control solution, and tumor volume was measured with calipers.
Results
sPLA2 IIa, EGFR, and HER2 expression increased across the spectrum of normal esophageal epithelium to EAC. sPLA2 IIa inhibition and knockdown decreased the expression of HER-2 and EGFR and proliferation. Mice treated with sPLA2 IIa inhibitor had smaller tumors than controls.
Conclusions
sPLA2 IIa inhibition decreases EGFR and HER2 expression and lowers proliferation of human EAC. The discovery of sPLA2 IIa inhibition’s ability to attenuate growth factor receptor signaling underscores the exciting potential of sPLA2 IIa inhibitors as therapeutics in the treatment of EAC.
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Abbreviations
- BE:
-
Barrett’s esophagus
- BSA:
-
Bovine serum albumin
- DMEM:
-
Dulbecco’s modified eagle medium
- DMSO:
-
Dimethyl sulfoxide
- EAC:
-
Esophageal adenocarcinoma
- EGF:
-
Epidermal growth factor
- EGFR:
-
Epidermal growth factor receptor
- GAPDH:
-
Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase
- HER2:
-
Human epidermal receptor-2
- IHC:
-
Immunohistochemistry]
- IP:
-
Intraperitoneal
- MTS:
-
(3-(4,5-dimethylithiazol-2-yl)-5-(3-carboxymethoxyphenyl)-2-(4-sulfophenyl)-2H-tetrazolium)
- RPMI:
-
Roswell Park Memorial Institute Media
- SCC:
-
Squamous cell carcinoma
- shRNA:
-
Short hairpin ribonucleic acid
- sPLA2 IIa:
-
Group IIa secretory phospholipase A2
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Acknowledgments
We would like to acknowledge the University of Colorado Research Histology Core Laboratory for assistance with immunohistochemistry and Dr. Jeffrey Kaplan, MD, for the pathologic interpretation of the immunohistochemistry.
Funding
This work was funded by the Department of Surgery, Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, and American Cancer Society Institutional Research Grant #16-184-56.
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Halpern, A.L., Kohtz, P.D., White, A.M. et al. Secretory Phospholipase A2 IIa Mediates Expression of Growth Factor Receptors in Esophageal Adenocarcinoma. Dig Dis Sci 66, 784–795 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10620-020-06241-2
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10620-020-06241-2