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Identification of Dysfunctional Gut Microbiota Through Rectal Swab in Patients with Different Severity of Acute Pancreatitis

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Abstract

Background

Acute pancreatitis (AP) has a wide spectrum of severity and can be associated with considerable morbidity and mortality. Whether gut microbiota dysbiosis is associated with AP severity remains obscure.

Aims

We aim to investigate the differences in the alterations of gut microbiota in different grades of AP severity.

Methods

We collected clinical information and rectal swab samples from 80 individuals. The gut microbiota was tested by 16S rRNA gene sequencing, gut microbiota species composition analysis, difference analysis, random forest model prediction analysis, and gut microbiota species correlation network analysis.

Results

There was a different microbiota profile in different severity grades. Bacteroides, Escherichis-Shigella, and Enterococcus were dominant species in mild, moderately severe, and severe AP, respectively. Finegoldia was the most significantly increased and Blautia the most decreased species in mild AP. Anaerococcus was the most significantly increased and Eubacterium hallii the most decreased species in moderately severe AP. Enterococcus was the most significantly increased and Eubacterium hallii the most decreased species in severe AP. Finegoldia, Eubacterium_hallii, and Lachnospiraceae were potential diagnostic biomarkers for mild AP and Eubacterium_hallii and Anaerococcus for moderately severe AP. There was a positive interaction between Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes in mild AP.

Conclusions

The disturbed gut microbiota is different among grades of AP, suggesting their potential role in the progression of disease severity.

Graphic Abstract

There was a different microbiota profile in different severity grades. Bacteroides, Escherichis-Shigella, and Enterococcus were dominant gut microbiota species in MAP, MSAP, and SAP, respectively. Finegoldia was the most significantly increased and Blautia the most decreased gut microbiota species in MAP. Anaerococcus was the most significantly increased and Eubacterium hallii the most decreased species in MSAP. Enterococcus was the most significantly increased and Eubacterium hallii the most decreased species in SAP. Finegoldia, Eubacterium_hallii, and Lachnospiraceae were potential diagnostic biomarkers for MAP and Eubacterium_hallii and Anaerococcus for MSAP. There was a positive interaction between Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes in MAP.

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Acknowledgment

The authors would like to thank Professor John A Windsor (Department of Surgery, the University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand) for providing comments for the study design and manuscript draft.

Funding

This work was supported by Beijing Natural Science Foundation (No. 7192162). Guarantor of the article: Dong Wu.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Emergency Medicine, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, No. 1 Shuaifuyuan, Dongcheng District, Beijing, 100730, China

    Shanshan Yu, Jun Xu, Yangyang Fu, Danyu Liu & Xuezhong Yu

  2. Department of Gastroenterology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, No. 1 Shuaifuyuan, Dongcheng District, Beijing, 100730, China

    Yangyang Xiong & Dong Wu

  3. Department of Emergency Medicine, The Second People’s Hospital of Guiyang, Guiyang, 550004, China

    Xianquan Liang

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  1. Shanshan Yu
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Contributions

YSS and XYY contributed to the collection of clinical data and fecal samples, interpretation of data, and drafting of the article. XJ contributed to the concept and design of the study, interpretation of data, and the critical revision of the study methods. LXQ and FYY contributed to the critical revision of the article for relevant intellectual content. LDY made critical revisions of the article for valuable intellectual content. WD and YXZ contributed to design the study, drafting of the article, and critical revision of the article for important intellectual content. All authors approved the final version of the article, including the authorship list.

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Correspondence to Dong Wu.

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All procedures performed in studies involving human participants were in accordance with the ethical standards of the institutional and/or national research committee and with the 1964 Helsinki Declaration and its later amendments or comparable ethical standards. This study was approved by the institutional review boards of Peking Union Medical College Hospital (No. JS 1826).

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Yu, S., Xiong, Y., Xu, J. et al. Identification of Dysfunctional Gut Microbiota Through Rectal Swab in Patients with Different Severity of Acute Pancreatitis. Dig Dis Sci 65, 3223–3237 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10620-020-06061-4

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