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Severe Intestinal Dysbiosis in Rat Models of Short Bowel Syndrome with Ileocecal Resection

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Abstract

Background

Short bowel syndrome (SBS) resulting from extensive intestinal resection is thought to significantly affect gut microbiota. Data are limited on the signatures of the intestinal microbiome in SBS with different anatomical types.

Aims

The aim of our investigation was to characterize the composition and function of gut microbiota in SBS with or without ileocecal resection (ICR).

Methods

Six-week-old male Sprague-Dawley rats underwent 75% small bowel resection (SBR) with the ileocecal junction intact (SBR group, jejunoileal anastomosis, n = 10) or removed (ICR group, jejunocolic anastomosis, n = 10), or sham surgery (sham group, n = 10). Colonic contents of the rats were collected 28 days after operation, and 16S rRNA gene sequencing was performed on the MiSeq Illumina platform to analyze bacterial composition.

Results

Overall structures of the gut microbiome differed significantly among the three groups. The bacterial α-diversity of the ICR group was remarkably lower than that of the sham group. ICR rats were enriched with Lactobacillus and opportunistic pathogens from Proteobacteria but depleted of commensal genera belonging to the Lachnospiraceae, Ruminococcaceae and Erysipelotrichaceae families. Genera from the Bacteroidales S24-7 group, Porphyromonadaceae, Prevotellaceae, Rikenellaceae and Christensenellaceae were prevalent in SBR rats. Functional pathways of branched-chain and aromatic amino acid biosynthesis, lipopolysaccharide biosynthesis and infectious diseases were abundant in the ICR group, while SBR rats featured pathways of C5 branched dibasic acid metabolism, biotin metabolism and one carbon pool folate.

Conclusions

ICR causes dramatically more severe intestinal dysbiosis than SBR only in SBS rat models, resulting in altered functional profiles of the gut microbiome.

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Acknowledgments

This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (grant no. 81270945) and Clinical Research Program of 9th People’s Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine (grant no. JYLJ022).

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Author notes

  1. Yuhua Huang and Aoxue Chen contributed equally to the work.

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, 639 Zhizaoju Road, Shanghai, 200011, China

    Yuhua Huang, Jian Wang & Yousheng Li

  2. Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany

    Aoxue Chen

  3. Department of Surgery, Jinling Hospital, School of Medicine, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China

    Feilong Guo

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  1. Yuhua Huang
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  5. Yousheng Li
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Correspondence to Yousheng Li.

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The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.

Ethical approval

All applicable international, national and/or institutional guidelines for the care and use of animals were followed. All procedures performed in the study involving animals were approved by the Animal Experimental Ethics Committee of the Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine.

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Huang, Y., Chen, A., Guo, F. et al. Severe Intestinal Dysbiosis in Rat Models of Short Bowel Syndrome with Ileocecal Resection. Dig Dis Sci 65, 431–441 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10620-019-05802-4

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10620-019-05802-4

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