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Chemoprevention by Probiotics During 1,2-Dimethylhydrazine-Induced Colon Carcinogenesis in Rats

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Abstract

Background

Probiotics are believed to have properties that lower the risk of colon cancer. However, the mechanisms by which they exert their beneficial effects are relatively unknown.

Aim

To assess the impact of probiotics in preventing induction of colon carcinogenesis in rats.

Methods

The rats were divided into six groups viz., normal control, Lactobacillus plantarum (AdF10)-treated, Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG (LGG)-treated, 1,2-dimethylhydrazine (DMH)-treated, L. plantarum (AdF10) + DMH-treated and L. rhamnosus GG (LGG) + DMH-treated. Both the probiotics were supplemented daily at a dose of 2 × 1010 cells per day. DMH at a dose of 30 mg/kg body weight was administered subcutaneously twice a week for the first 4 weeks and then once every week for a duration of 16 weeks. Glutathione (GSH), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione reductase (GR), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), glutathione-S-transferase (GST) and catalase as protein expression of genes involved in apoptosis were assessed during DMH-induced colon carcinogenesis in rats.

Results

DMH treatment decreased the activity of GSH, GPx, GST, SOD and catalase. However, AdF10 and LGG supplementation to DMH-treated rats significantly increased the activity of these enzymes. Further, DMH treatment revealed alterations in the protein expressions of various genes involved in the p53-mediated apoptotic pathway such as p53, p21, Bcl-2, Bax, caspase-9 and caspase-3, which, however, were shifted towards normal control levels upon simultaneous supplementation with probiotics.

Conclusion

The present study suggests that probiotics can provide protection against oxidative stress and apoptotic-related protein disregulation during experimentally induced colon carcinogenesis.

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Acknowledgments

The authors acknowledges the financial support provided by DST INSPIRE Govt. of India.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Microbiology, CSK Himachal Pradesh Agricultural University, Palampur, HP, 176062, India

    Sohini Walia & S. S. Kanwar

  2. Centre for Nuclear Medicine, Panjab University, Chandigarh, 160014, India

    Rozy Kamal

  3. Department of Biophysics, Panjab University, Chandigarh, 160014, India

    D. K. Dhawan

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  1. Sohini Walia
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Correspondence to S. S. Kanwar.

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Walia, S., Kamal, R., Dhawan, D.K. et al. Chemoprevention by Probiotics During 1,2-Dimethylhydrazine-Induced Colon Carcinogenesis in Rats. Dig Dis Sci 63, 900–909 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10620-018-4949-z

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10620-018-4949-z

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