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Determination of Anti-Anisakis Simplex Antibodies and Relationship with αβ and γδ Lymphocyte Subpopulations in Patients with Crohn’s Disease

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Abstract

Background

The etiology of Crohn’s disease (CD) is still unknown although new theories are based on defects in innate immunity. We have previously shown a decrease in γδ T cells in CD patients. Previous studies have shown a high prevalence of anti-A. simplex immunoglobulins in CD patients. The diminution of γδ T cells in the peripheral blood and intestinal mucosa of CD patients may create a state of immunosuppression that would facilitate A. simplex infection.

Aims

To study the antibody responses to Anisakis antigens in Crohn’s disease patients and its relationship with αβ and γδ T cell subsets.

Methods

We recruited 81 CD patients and 81 healthy controls. αβ and γδ T cell subsets and anti-A. simplex antibodies were measured.

Results

Levels of anti-A. simplex IgG and IgM were significantly increased in CD patients. Almost 20% of CD patients were positive for IgG and IgM anti-A. simplex versus only 3.7 and 2.5%, respectively, in normal subjects. However, lower specific IgA levels were observed in the group of CD patients versus healthy subjects. We found an association between CD3 + CD8 + γδ subset and IgM anti-A. simplex levels. In ileal cases and stricturing behavior of CD, we observed the highest levels of specific antibodies with the exception of anti-A. simplex IgA.

Conclusions

The relationship of specific antibodies with a γδ T cell deficiency makes these cell candidates to play a role in the immune response against Anisakis. In addition, anti-Anisakis antibodies could be considered as markers of risk of progression in CD.

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Abbreviations

CD:

Crohn’s disease

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Author notes

    Authors and Affiliations

    1. Hematology Department, Arnau de Vilanova Hospital, Valencia, Spain

      C. Benet-Campos, C. García-Ballesteros & F. López-Chuliá

    2. Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Complutense University, Madrid, Spain

      C. Cuéllar & V. Zamora

    3. Digestive Department, IBD Unit, Arnau de Vilanova Hospital, Valencia, Spain

      R. Gil-Borrás & I. Catalán-Serra

    4. Internal Medicine, Gastroenterology Department, Levanger Hospital, Helse Nord-Trondelag, Levanger, Norway

      I. Catalán-Serra

    5. Centre of Molecular Inflammation Research (CEMIR), Norwegian Science and Technology University (NTNU), Trondheim, Norway

      I. Catalán-Serra

    6. Research Department, Arnau de Vilanova Hospital, c/San Clemente 12, 46015, Valencia, Spain

      J. C. Andreu-Ballester

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    1. C. Benet-Campos
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    Correspondence to J. C. Andreu-Ballester.

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    C. Benet-Campos and C. Cuellar contributed equally to this work and should be considered equal first authors.

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    Benet-Campos, C., Cuéllar, C., García-Ballesteros, C. et al. Determination of Anti-Anisakis Simplex Antibodies and Relationship with αβ and γδ Lymphocyte Subpopulations in Patients with Crohn’s Disease. Dig Dis Sci 62, 934–943 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10620-017-4473-6

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