Abstract
Background
The disproportionately higher incidence of and mortality from colorectal cancer (CRC) among African Americans (AA) led the American College of Gastroenterology to recommend screening starting at age 45 in 2005.
Aim
The purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence of colorectal neoplasia among 40–49-year-old inner city AA and Hispanic Americans (HA).
Methods
We reviewed the medical records of 2,435 inner city AA and HA who underwent colonoscopy regardless of indication and compared the prevalence of colorectal neoplasia between AA and HA patients. We used logistic regression models to calculate odds ratios (OR) and 95 % confidence intervals (CI).
Results
There were 2,163 AAs and 272 HA. There were 57 % women in both groups. A total of 158 (7 %) AA and 9 (3 %) HA (P = 0.014) underwent the procedures for CRC screening. When compared to HAs, AAs had higher prevalence of any polyp (35 vs. 18 %, OR = 2.53; 95 % CI 1.82–3.52). Overall, AA had higher prevalence of colorectal neoplasia (adenoma and cancer) when compared to HAs (16 vs. 10 %; OR = 1.68; 95 % CI 1.10–2.56).
Conclusion
We observed a higher frequency of colorectal neoplasia among 40–49-year-old AAs as compared to HAs suggesting an increased susceptibility to CRC risk in this population.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Jemal A, Simard EP, Dorell C, et al. Annual report to the nation on the status of cancer, 1975–2009, featuring the burden and trends in human papillomavirus (HPV)-associated cancers and HPV vaccination coverage levels. J Natl Cancer Inst. 2013;105:175–201.
Laiyemo AO, Doubeni C, Brim H, et al. Short- and long-term risk of colorectal adenoma recurrence among whites and blacks. Gastrointest Endosc. 2013;77:447–454.
Laiyemo AO, Doubeni C, Pinsky PF, et al. Race and colorectal cancer disparities: health-care utilization vs different cancer susceptibilities. J Natl Cancer Inst. 2010;102:538–546.
Siegel R, Desantis C, Virgo K, et al. Cancer treatment and survivorship statistics, 2012. CA Cancer J Clin. 2012;62:220–241.
Alexander DD, Waterbor J, Hughes T, Funkhouser E, Grizzle W, Manne U. African-American and Caucasian disparities in colorectal cancer mortality and survival by data source: an epidemiologic review. Cancer Biomark. 2007;3:301–313.
Wudel LJ Jr, Chapman WC, Shyr Y, et al. Disparate outcomes in patients with colorectal cancer: effect of race on long-term survival. Arch Surg. 2002;137:550–554; discussion 554–556.
Hashiguchi Y, Hase K, Ueno H, et al. Impact of race/ethnicity on prognosis in patients who underwent surgery for colon cancer: analysis for white, African, and East Asian Americans. Ann Surg Oncol. 2012;19:1517–1528.
Rex DK, Johnson DA, Anderson JC, Schoenfeld PS, Burke CA, Inadomi JM. American College of Gastroenterology guidelines for colorectal cancer screening 2009 [corrected]. Am J Gastroenterol. 2009;104:739–750.
Lebwohl B, Capiak K, Neugut AI, Kastrinos F. Risk of colorectal adenomas and advanced neoplasia in Hispanic, black and white patients undergoing screening colonoscopy. Aliment Pharmacol Ther. 2012;35:1467–1473.
Jafri NS, Gould M, El-Serag HB, Duan Z, Davila JA. Incidence and survival of colorectal cancer among Hispanics in the United States: a population-based study. Dig Dis Sci. 2013;58:2052–2060.
U.S. Census Bureau projections show a slower growing, older, more diverse nation a half century from now. 2012. https://www.census.gov/newsroom/releases/archives/population/cb12-243.html.
Jemal A, Siegel R, Xu J, Ward E. Cancer statistics, 2010. CA Cancer J Clin. 2010;60:277–300.
Nguyen SP, Bent S, Chen YH, Terdiman JP. Gender as a risk factor for advanced neoplasia and colorectal cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2009;7:676–681, e1–e3.
Lieberman DA, Holub J, Eisen G, Kraemer D, Morris CD. Prevalence of polyps greater than 9 mm in a consortium of diverse clinical practice settings in the United States. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2005;3:798–805.
Lieberman DA, Weiss DG, Bond JH, Ahnen DJ, Garewal H, Chejfec G. Use of colonoscopy to screen asymptomatic adults for colorectal cancer. Veterans Affairs Cooperative Study Group 380. N Engl J Med. 2000;343:162–168.
Lieberman D. Progress and challenges in colorectal cancer screening and surveillance. Gastroenterology. 2010;138:2115–2126.
Siegel R, Naishadham D, Jemal A. Cancer statistics, 2013. CA Cancer J Clin. 2013;63:11–30.
Avital I, Langan RC, Summers TA, et al. Evidence-based guidelines for precision risk stratification-based screening (PRSBS) for colorectal cancer: lessons learned from the US armed forces: consensus and future directions. J Cancer. 2013;4:172–192.
Acknowledgments
This project was supported (in part) by the National Institute on Minority Health and Health Disparities of the National Institutes of Health under Award Number G12MD007597. The content is solely the responsibility of the authors and does not necessarily represent the official views of the National Institutes of Health.
Conflict of interest
None.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Ashktorab, H., Paydar, M., Namin, H.H. et al. Prevalence of Colorectal Neoplasia Among Young African Americans and Hispanic Americans. Dig Dis Sci 59, 446–450 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10620-013-2898-0
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10620-013-2898-0