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Assessment of Variables Associated with Smoking Cessation in Crohn’s Disease

Digestive Diseases and Sciences volume 57, pages 1026–1032 (2012)Cite this article

Abstract

Background

Patients with Crohn’s disease (CD) who smoke have a more complicated disease course.

Aims

Our primary objective was to assess smoking related variables that were associated with smoking cessation versus continued smoking in patients with CD.

Methods

A multi-center study identified CD patients who were seen at the University of Chicago and University of Calgary IBD clinics. Patients were categorized into three subgroups: lifetime non-smokers, current smokers, or ex-smokers. Participants completed questionnaires assessing their cigarette smoking behavior. Current smokers were prospectively followed for 6 months to assess smoking status and attempts to quit. Logistic regression analysis was performed to identify factors associated with smoking cessation.

Results

Three hundred patients were enrolled with 148 identifying themselves as lifetime non-smokers, 70 as current smokers, and 82 as ex-smokers. Patients who reported their first cigarette within 5 min of waking were more likely to be current smokers (OR = 21; 95% CI 3.94–107.3) as compared to patients who waited greater than 60 min. Current smokers were more likely to have one or more household members who smoked compared to ex-smokers (P < 0.05). Nearly half (49%) of the current smokers were in the precontemplation stage of change (i.e. no intention to quit smoking). At the 6-month follow-up, only 11% reported they quit smoking.

Conclusions

Patients who report a short time to first cigarette in the morning may have more difficulty in smoking cessation. Current smokers were more likely to have another smoker in the household compared to ex-smokers. Current smokers had low levels of motivation to quit smoking and consequently with no intervention, very few quit 6 months after the baseline assessment.

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Acknowledgments

Dr. Kaplan is supported through a New Investigator Award from the Canadian Institute of Health Research and a Population Health Investigator Award from the Alberta Heritage Foundation for Medical Research.

Conflict of interest

None.

Author information

Affiliations

  1. Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, Inflammatory Bowel Disease Clinic, University of Calgary, 3280 Hospital Drive NW, Calgary, AB, T2N 4N1, Canada

    Yvette Leung, Gil G. Kaplan, Kevin P. Rioux, James Hubbard, Lidia Stasiak, Shane M. Devlin & Remo Panaccione

  2. Department of Community Health Sciences, University of Calgary, 3280 Hospital Drive NW, Calgary, AB, T2N 4N1, Canada

    Gil G. Kaplan & James Hubbard

  3. University of Chicago Medical Center, 5841 South Maryland Avenue, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA

    Sarah Kamhawi

  4. Department of Medicine, Section of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, University of Chicago Medical Center, 5841 South Maryland Avenue, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA

    Russell D. Cohen, Stephen B. Hanauer & David T. Rubin

  5. P.O. Box 17104, Amman, 11195, Jordan

    Sarah Kamhawi

  6. 1047 Fashoda Place, Langford, BC, V9C 0E9, Canada

    Lidia Stasiak

Authors
  1. Yvette Leung
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  2. Gil G. Kaplan
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  3. Kevin P. Rioux
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  4. James Hubbard
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  5. Sarah Kamhawi
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  6. Lidia Stasiak
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  7. Russell D. Cohen
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  8. Shane M. Devlin
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  9. Remo Panaccione
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  10. Stephen B. Hanauer
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  11. David T. Rubin
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Yvette Leung.

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Leung, Y., Kaplan, G.G., Rioux, K.P. et al. Assessment of Variables Associated with Smoking Cessation in Crohn’s Disease. Dig Dis Sci 57, 1026–1032 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10620-012-2038-2

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10620-012-2038-2

Keywords

  • Crohn’s disease
  • Cigarette smoking
  • Smoking cessation
  • Nicotine dependence