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Amelioration of cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity by grape seed extract and fish oil is mediated by lowering oxidative stress and DNA damage

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Abstract

Cisplatin (CP) is a chemotherapeutic drug used in treatment of malignancies. However, its clinical utility is limited by nephrotoxicity. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the protective role of grape seed proanthocyanidin extract (GSPE) (100 mg/kg/day) or fish oil (FO) (5 ml/kg/day) against cisplatin induced nephrotoxicity in terms of biochemical parameters, oxidative stress and DNA damage. CP nephrotoxiciy is manifested by increased levels of serum creatinine, urea and uric acid, accompanied by their decrease in urine. Na, K and Ca levels were altered in both serum and urine. In addition, cisplatin caused a decrease in renal GSH, SH-group, SOD, GST, and Na–K–ATPase levels. However the levels of MDA, H2O2 and NO were increased. Also, we assessed the renal genotoxic potential of cisplatin as manifested by an increase in the tail length of DNA, tail intensity (DNA %) and tail moment. On the other hand, administration of GSPE or FO pre-cisplatin treatment ameliorated the current changes in most of the above tested parameters, particularly oxidative stress, endogenous antioxidant defense system and DNA damage indicating their curative effect. Thus, it can be concluded that the consumption of GSPE or FO might be useful for preventing nephrotoxicity caused by cisplatin treatment.

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Abbreviations

CP:

Cisplatin

GSPE:

Grape seed proanthocyanidin extract

FO:

Fish oil

DNA:

Deoxyribonucleic acid

SH:

Sulfhydryl group

SOD:

Superoxide dismutase

GST:

Glutathione-S-transferase

ATPase:

Adenosine Triphosphatase

MDA:

Malondialdehyde

H2O2 :

Hydrogen peroxide

NO:

Nitric oxide

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Physiology Division, Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt

    Hanaa A. Hassan, Gamal M. Edrees & Elsamra A. El-sayed

  2. Immunology Division, Urology and Nephrology Center, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt

    Ezz M. El-Gamel

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  1. Hanaa A. Hassan
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  2. Gamal M. Edrees
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  3. Ezz M. El-Gamel
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  4. Elsamra A. El-sayed
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Correspondence to Hanaa A. Hassan.

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Hassan, H.A., Edrees, G.M., El-Gamel, E.M. et al. Amelioration of cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity by grape seed extract and fish oil is mediated by lowering oxidative stress and DNA damage. Cytotechnology 66, 419–429 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10616-013-9589-8

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