Abstract
Estimating limited dependent variable time series models through standard extremum methods can be a daunting computational task because of the need for integration of high order multiple integrals and/or numerical optimization of difficult objective functions. This paper proposes a classical Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) estimation technique with data augmentation that overcomes both of these problems. The asymptotic properties of the proposed estimator are discussed. Furthermore, a practical and flexible algorithmic framework for this class of models is proposed and is illustrated using simulated data, thus also offering some insight into the small-sample biases of such estimators. Finally, the proposed framework is used to estimate a dynamic, discrete-choice monetary policy reaction function for the United States during the Greenspan years.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Albert J., Chib S. (1993) Bayes inference via gibbs sampling of autoregressive time series subject to Markov mean and variance shifts. Journal of Business and Economic Statistics 11(1): 1–15
Albert J., Chib S. (1993) Bayesian analysis of binary and polychotomous response data. Journal of the American Statistical Association 88(422): 669–679
Amemiya T. (1985) Advanced econometrics. Harvard University Press, Cambridge
Andrews D. W. K. (1999) Estimation when a parameter is on a boundary. Econometrica 66: 1341–1383
Bernstein, S. (1917). Theory of probability, 4th Edition (1946) Gostekhizdat, Moscow-Leningrad.
Bickel P. J., Yahav J. A. (1969) Some contributions to the asymptotic theory of Bayes solutions. Zeitschriftflir Wahrscheinlichkeitstheorie und verwandte Gebiete 11: 257–276
Boivin J. (2006) Has U.S. monetary policy changed? Evidence from drifting coefficients and real-time data. Journal of Money, Credit and Banking 38(5): 1149–1173
Canova F. (1994) Were financial crises predictable?. Journal of Money, Credit and Banking 26(1): 102–124
Chernozhukov V., Hong H. (2003) An MCMC approach to classical estimation. Journal of Econometrics 115: 293–346
Chib S. (2001) Markov Chain Monte Carlo Methods: Computation and Inference. In: Heckman J., Leamer E. (Eds.) Handbook of econometrics, Vol. 5. North-Holland, Amsterdam, pp 3569–3649
Chib S., Greenberg E. (1995) Understanding the metropolis-hastings algorithm. The American Statistician 49(4): 327–335
Clarida R., Galí J., Gertler M. (2000) Monetary policy rules and macroeconomic stability: Evidence and some theory. Quarterly Journal of Economics 115(1): 147–180
de Jong, R., & Herrera A. (2009). Dynamic censored regression and the open market desk reaction function. Journal of Business and Economic Statistics (forthcoming).
de Jong, R., & Woutersen, T. M. (2010). Dynamic time series binary choice. Econometric Theory (forthcoming).
Demiralp S., Farley D. (2005) Declining required reserves, funds rate volatility, and open market operations. Journal of Banking and Finance 29: 1131–1152
Dueker M. (1999) Measuring monetary policy inertia in target fed funds rate changes. Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis Review 81(5): 3–9
Dueker M. (1999) Conditional heteroskedasticity in qualitative response models of time series: A gibbs sampling approach to the bank prime rate. Journal of Business and Economic Statistics 17(4): 466–472
Dueker M. (2002) Regime-dependent recession forecasts and the 2001 recession. Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis Review 84(6): 29–36
Durret R. (1996) Probability: Theory and examples (2nd ed.). Duxbury Press, California
Eichengreen B., Watson M., Grossman R. (1985) Bank rate policy under the interwar gold standard: A dynamic probit model. Economic Journal 95: 725–745
Feinman J. (1993) Estimating the open market desk’s daily reaction function. Journal of Money, Credit and Banking 25(2): 231–247
Geweke J., Keane M. (2001) Computationally intensive methods for integration in econometrics. In: Heckman J., Leamer E. (Eds.) Handbook of econometrics Vol.5. North-Holland, Amsterdam, pp 3463–3568
Hajivassiliou V., McFadden D., Ruud P. (1996) Simulation of multivariate normal rectangle probabilities and their derivatives: Theoretical and computational results. Journal of Econometrics 72: 85–134
Hajivassiliou V., McFadden D. (1998) The method of simulated scores for the estimation of LDV models. Econometrica 66(4): 863–896
Ibragimov I. A., Has’minskii R. Z. (1972) Asymptotic behavior of statistical estimators Limit theorems for the a posteriori density and Bayes’ estimators. Theory of Probability and Its Applications 18: 76–91
Ibragimov I. A., Has’minskii R. Z. (1981) Statistical estimation: Asymptotic theory. Springer, New York
Judd J., Rudebusch G. (1998) Taylor’s rule and the fed: 1970–1997. Federal Reserve Bank of San Francisco Economic Review 3: 3–16
Kamin, S. B., & Schindler, J. W., Samuel, S. (2001). The contribution of domestic and external factors to emerging market devaluation crises. International Finance Discussion Papers, Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System, No. 711.
Kim Jae Y. (1998) Large sample properties of posterior densities, Bayesian information criterion and the likelihood principle in nonstationary time series models. Economterica 66(2): 359–380
Lee L.-f. (1999) Estimation of dynamic and ARCH tobit models. Journal of Econometrics 92: 355–390
Lehmann E. L., Casella G. (1998) Theory of point estimation (2nd ed.). Springer, New York
Lerman S., Manski C. (1981) On the use of simulated frequencies to approximate choice probabilities. In: Manski C., McFadden D. (Eds.) Structural analysis of discrete data with econometric applications. MIT Press, Cambridge, pp 305–319
McCulloch R., Rossi P. (1994) An exact likelihood analysis of the multinomial probit model. Journal of Econometrics 64: 207–240
McFadden D. (1989) A method of simulated moments for estimation of discrete choice models without numerical integration. Econometrica 57: 995–1026
Monokroussos G. (2011) Dynamic limited dependent variable modeling and U.S. monetary policy. Journal of Money, Credit and Banking 43(2–3): 519–534
Orphanides A. (2001) Monetary policy rules based on real-time data. American Economic Review 91(4): 964–985
Orphanides A. (2002) Monetary policy rules and the great inflation. American Economic Review, Papers and Proceedings 92(2): 115–120
Orphanides A. (2004) Monetary policy rules, macroeconomic stability and inflation: A view from the trenches. Journal of Money, Credit and Banking 35(6): 151–175
Pakes A., Pollard D. (1989) Simulation and the asymptotics of optimization estimators. Econometrica 57: 1027–1057
Pesaran H., Samiei H. (1992) An analysis of the determination of Deutsche mark/French franc exchange rate in a discrete-time target zone. The Economic Journal 102: 388–401
Robert C. P., Casella G. (1999) Monte Carlo statistical methods. Springer, New York
Rudin W. (1976) Principles of mathematical analysis (3rd ed.). McGraw-Hill, New York
Tanner M. A., Wong W. H. (1987) The calculation of posterior distributions by data augmentation. Journal of the American Statistical Association 82: 528–549
Taylor John B. (1993) Discretion versus policy rules in practice. Carnegie-Rochester Conference Series on Public Policy 39: 195–214
Taylor, J. B. (2007). Housing and monetary policy in housing, housing finance, and monetary policy. Federal Reserve Bank of Kansas City Symposium, Jackson Hole, WY.
Taylor J. B. (2009) Getting off track: How government actions and interventions caused, prolonged, and worsened the financial crisis. Hoover Institution Press, Stanford
Mises R. (1931) Wahrscheinlichkeitsrechnung. Springer, Berlin
Wei S. (1999) A Bayesian approach to dynamic tobit models. Econometric Reviews 18(4): 417–439
White H. (2001) Asymptotic theory for econometricians revised edition. Academic Press, San Diego
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Monokroussos, G. A Classical MCMC Approach to the Estimation of Limited Dependent Variable Models of Time Series. Comput Econ 42, 71–105 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10614-012-9339-6
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10614-012-9339-6
Keywords
- Discrete choice models
- Censored models
- Data augmentation
- Markov Chain Monte Carlo
- Gibbs sampling
- Taylor rules
- Alan Greenspan