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Anxiety Sensitivity in Childhood and Adolescence: Parent Reports and Factors that Influence Associations with Child Reports

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Abstract

Research suggests that anxiety sensitivity is an important cognitive developmental precursor of anxiety disorders. Identifying the developmental origins of anxiety sensitivity may be facilitated by multiple perspective assessment (parents, children) coupled with an understanding of agreement in reporting. In general, disagreement between parent and youth ratings of the child’s emotions is common but is not well understood. Variables such as age and gender have been suggested as potential factors that influence agreement; however, this literature often produces inconsistent results. This study examined parent reports of their children’s anxiety sensitivity in order to explore the effects of age, sex, and ethnicity on cross informant associations with child reports using complementary statistical models. Parents and children (N = 202, aged 6–17 years) completed child and parent versions of the childhood anxiety sensitivity index [CASI (child) and CASI-P (parent)] as well as instruments assessing fears and manifest anxiety. Results indicated that the CASI-P demonstrated internal consistency, test–retest associations, incremental and concurrent validity estimates similar to those previously reported for the self report instrument. Moreover, reliability and validity were highly similar across age and child sex. However, age and ethnicity were found to significantly influence cross informant associations, and the statistical method used to examine cross informant associations produced differing conclusions. Results are discussed in terms of the utility of a parent report measure of anxiety sensitivity and implications of the differing statistical methods for clarifying the existing research on informant agreement in internalizing symptoms.

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Notes

  1. Data collection for this study took place in several waves (of ~30 participants per wave). The follow-up sample in this study represents roughly the first two waves of participants. The plan was to reassess the entire sample but time 2 data collection was halted by the hurricane Katrina disaster.

  2. The terms “children” and “adolescents” are used for convenience.

  3. We felt it important to use exploratory procedures in this first factor analysis of the CASI-P even though there have been a number of studies which could be used to make a priori decisions about item loadings for a confirmatory analysis. This is because there has been some disagreement over where certain items should load for the CASI. Thus, this study provides some empirical data for future confirmatory analyses with the CASI-P.

  4. Income was examined to control for the potential that SES might have on the ethnicity findings.

  5. A z test to compare independent correlations in reports of fears indicated that the difference in the correlation between FSSCR and FSSCR-P was statistically significant (z = 3.31, p < .001) across the Euro American (r = .45, p < .01) and African American participants (r = −.02, p > .1). However, the difference in the correlation between RCMAS and RCMAS-P was not statistically significant (z = 1.07, p > .1) across the Euro American (r = .35, p < .01) and African American participants (r = .2, p > .1) though the pattern in the strength of the association was similar.

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Acknowledgments

This research was supported in part by grants from the National Institute of Mental Health (MH067572) and University of New Orleans Investing in Research Excellence Program awarded to Carl F. Weems.

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  1. Department of Psychology, University of New Orleans, New Orleans, LA, 70148, USA

    Carl F. Weems, Leslie K. Taylor & Allison B. Marks

  2. Department of Psychology, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA, USA

    R. Enrique Varela

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Weems, C.F., Taylor, L.K., Marks, A.B. et al. Anxiety Sensitivity in Childhood and Adolescence: Parent Reports and Factors that Influence Associations with Child Reports. Cogn Ther Res 34, 303–315 (2010). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10608-008-9222-x

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