Skip to main content

Advertisement

SpringerLink
Log in

Correlates of Secondhand Tobacco Smoke Exposure Among Individuals with a History of Substance Use and/or Psychiatric Disorders Participating in a Tobacco Treatment Program in Vancouver, Canada

  • Brief Report
  • Published:
Community Mental Health Journal Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Individuals with substance use (SUD) and/or psychiatric disorders (PD) are disproportionately affected by tobacco use; yet, little is known about secondhand tobacco smoke (SHS) exposure in these populations. An analysis of existing data examined SHS exposure among 497 smokers in community clinics in Vancouver, Canada. Seventy-percent of the participants reported SHS exposure. In sex-stratified multivariate logistic regression analyses correlates of SHS exposure among women were not having a history of using evidence-based smoking cessation treatment and using a single substance (as compared to a polysubstance use history); whereas among men, a history of a respiratory illness and higher nicotine dependence were associated with SHS exposure. Despite limitations about the measures of SHS exposure used in the study, these findings suggest a need to further determine the risks associated with SHS exposure and tobacco use among individuals with SUD and/or PD within mental health and addictions treatment settings.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

References

  • Bailey, S. R., Bryson, S. W., & Killen, J. D. (2011). Predicting successful 24-hr quit attempt in a smoking cessation intervention. Nicotine and Tobacco Research, 13(11), 1092–1097. doi:10.1093/ntr/ntr151.

    Article  PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Barnoya, J., & Glantz, S. A. (2005). Cardiovascular effects of secondhand smoke: Nearly as large as smoking. Circulation, 111(20), 2684–2698. doi:10.1161/circulationaha.104.492215.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Berlin, I., Singleton, E. G., Pedarriosse, A.-M., Lancrenon, S., Rames, A., Aubin, H.-J., et al. (2003). The Modified Reasons for Smoking Scale: Factorial structure, gender effects and relationship with nicotine dependence and smoking cessation in French smokers. Addiction, 98(11), 1575–1583. doi:10.1046/j.1360-0443.2003.00523.x.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Bohadana, A., Nilsson, F., Rasmussen, T., & Martinet, Y. (2003). Gender differences in quit rates following smoking cessation with combination nicotine therapy: Influence of baseline smoking behavior. Nicotine and Tobacco Research, 5(1), 111–116. doi:10.1080/1462220021000060482.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Bolte, G., Fromme, H., & Group, f. t. G. S. (2009). Socioeconomic determinants of children’s environmental tobacco smoke exposure and family’s home smoking policy. The European Journal of Public Health, 19(1), 52–58. doi:10.1093/eurpub/ckn114.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Breslau, N., & Peterson, E. L. (1996). Smoking cessation in young adults: Age at initiation of cigarette smoking and other suspected influences. American Journal of Public Health, 86(2), 214–220.

    Article  CAS  PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Brown, S., Barraclough, B., & Inskip, H. (2000). Causes of the excess mortality of schizophrenia. The British Journal of Psychiatry, 177(3), 212–217. doi:10.1192/bjp.177.3.212.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Burney, P., Laitinen, L., Perdrizet, S., Huckauf, H., Tattersfield, A., Chinn, S., et al. (1989). Validity and repeatability of the IUATLD (1984) Bronchial Symptoms Questionnaire: An international comparison. European Respiratory Journal, 2(10), 940–945.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Campbell, B. K., Wander, N., Stark, M. J., & Holbert, T. (1995). Treating cigarette smoking in drug-abusing clients. Journal of Substance Abuse Treatment, 12(2), 89–94.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2009a). State-specific smoking-attributable mortality and years of potential life lost—United States, 2000–2004. Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report, 58(02), 29–33.

    Google Scholar 

  • Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2009b). State-specific secondhand smoke exposure and current cigarette smoking among adults—United States, 2008. Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report, 58(44), 1232–1235.

    Google Scholar 

  • Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2010). Vital signs: Nonsmokers’ exposure to secondhand smoke—United States, 1999–2008. Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report (MMWR), 59(35), 1141–1146.

    Google Scholar 

  • Chahine, T., Schultz, B., Zartarian, V., Subramanian, S. V., Spengler, J., Hammitt, J., et al. (2011). Modeling geographic and demographic variability in residential concentrations of environmental tobacco smoke using national data sets. Journal of Exposure Science and Environmental Epidemiology, 21(6), 646–655.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Chen, X., Stanton, B., Hopper, J., & Khankari, N. (2011). Sources, locations, and predictors of environmental tobacco smoke exposure among young children from inner-city families. Journal of Pediatric Health Care, 25(6), 365–372. doi:10.1016/j.pedhc.2010.04.014.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Ellis, J. A., Gwynn, C., Garg, R. K., Philburn, R., Aldous, K. M., Perl, S. B., et al. (2009). Secondhand smoke exposure among nonsmokers nationally and in New York City. Nicotine and Tobacco Research, 11(4), 362–370. doi:10.1093/ntr/ntp021.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Etter, J.-F., Duc, T. V., & Perneger, T. V. (1999). Validity of the Fagerstrom test for nicotine dependence and of the Heaviness of Smoking Index among relatively light smokers. Addiction, 94(2), 269–281. doi:10.1046/j.1360-0443.1999.94226910.x.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Fishman, J. R., Wick, J. G., & Koenig, B. A. (1999). The use of “sex” and “gender” to define and characterize meaningful differences between men and women. In Agenda for research on women’s health for the 21st century (A report of the Task Force on the NIH Women’s Health Research Agenda for the 21st century) (Vol. 2, pp. 15–19). Rockville, MD: Office of Research on Women's Health.

  • Flouris, A. D., Vardavas, C. I., Metsios, G. S., Tsatsakis, A. M., & Koutedakis, Y. (2010). Biological evidence for the acute health effects of secondhand smoke exposure. American Journal of Physiology-Lung Cellular and Molecular Physiology, 298(1), L3–L12. doi:10.1152/ajplung.0. 0215.2009.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Grant, B. F., Hasin, D. S., Chou, S. P., Stinson, F. S., & Dawson, D. A. (2004). Nicotine dependence and psychiatric disorders in the United States: Results from the National Epidemiologic Survey on Alcohol and Related Conditions. Archives of General Psychiatry, 61(11), 1107–1115. doi:10.1001/archpsyc.61.11.1107.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Heatherton, T. F., Kozlowski, L. T., Frecker, R. C., & Fagerström, K. O. (1991). The Fagerström Test for Nicotine Dependence: A revision of the Fagerström Tolerance Questionnaire. British Journal of Addiction, 86(9), 1119–1127. doi:10.1111/j.1360-0443.1991.tb01879.x.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Hurt, R. D., Offord, K. P., Croghan, I. T., Gomez-Dahl, L., Kottke, T. E., Morse, R. M., et al. (1996). Mortality following inpatient addictions treatment: Role of tobacco use in a community-based cohort. Journal of the American Medical Association, 275(14), 1097–1103. doi:10.1001/jama.1996.03530380039029.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Johnson, J. L., Greaves, L., & Repta, R. (2009). Better science with sex and gender: Facilitating the use of a sex and gender-based analysis in health research. International Journal for Equity in Health, 8(14). Retrieved from www.equityhealthj.com/content/8/1/14. doi:10.1186/1475-9276-8-14.

  • Johnson, K. C., Miller, A. B., Collishaw, N. E., Palmer, J. R., Hammond, S. K., Salmon, A. G., et al. (2011). Active smoking and secondhand smoke increase breast cancer risk: The report of the Canadian Expert Panel on Tobacco Smoke and Breast Cancer Risk (2009). Tobacco Control, 20(1), e2. doi:10.1136/tc.2010.035931.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Jones, L., Hashim, A., McKeever, T., Cook, D., Britton, J., & Leonardi-Bee, J. (2011). Parental and household smoking and the increased risk of bronchitis, bronchiolitis and other lower respiratory infections in infancy: Systematic review and meta-analysis. Respiratory Research, 12(1), 5.

    Article  PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Kalman, D., Morissette, S. B., & George, T. P. (2005). Co-morbidity of smoking in patients with psychiatric and substance use disorders. The American Journal on Addictions, 14(2), 106–123. doi:10.1080/10550490590924728.

    Article  PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Khara, M., & Okoli, C. T. C. (2011). The tobacco-dependence clinic: Intensive tobacco-dependence treatment in an addiction services outpatient setting. The American Journal on Addictions, 20(1), 45–55. doi:10.1111/j.1521-0391.2010.00096.x.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Lam, T. H., Ho, L. M., Hedley, A. J., Adab, P., Fielding, R., McGhee, S. M., et al. (2005). Secondhand smoke and respiratory ill health in current smokers. Tobacco Control, 14(5), 307–314. doi:10.1136/tc.2005.011775.

    Article  PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Max, W., Sung, H.-Y., & Shi, Y. (2009). Who is exposed to secondhand smoke? Self-reported and serum cotinine measured exposure in the U.S., 1999–2006. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 6(5), 1633–1648.

    Article  PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Middleton, E. T., & Morice, A. H. (2000). Breath carbon monoxide as an indication of smoking Habit. Chest, 117(3), 758–763. doi:10.1378/chest.117.3.758.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Okoli, C. T. C., Browning, S., Rayens, M. K., & Hahn, E. J. (2008). Secondhand tobacco smoke exposure, nicotine dependence, and smoking cessation. Public Health Nursing, 25(1), 46–56.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Okoli, C., Johnson, J., & Malchy, L. (2009). Correlates of secondhand tobacco smoke exposure among persons with severe and persistent mental illness (SPMI) accessing community mental health services. Community Mental Health Journal, 45(3), 188–198.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Osborn, D. P., Levy, G., Nazareth, I., Petersen, I., Islam, A., & King, M. B. (2007). Relative risk of cardiovascular and cancer mortality in people with severe mental illness from the United Kingdom’s General Practice Research Database. Archives of General Psychiatry, 64(2), 242–249.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Perkins, K. (1996). Sex differences in nicotine versus non-nicotine reinforcement as determinants of tobacco smoking. Experimental and Clinical Psychopharmacology, 4(2), 166–177. doi:10.1037/1064-1297.4.2.166.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Piccardo, M. T., Stella, A., & Valerio, F. (2010). Is the smokers exposure to environmental tobacco smoke negligible? Environmental Health, 9(1), 5.

    Article  PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Raupach, T., Schäfer, K., Konstantinides, S., & Andreas, S. (2006). Secondhand smoke as an acute threat for the cardiovascular system: A change in paradigm. European Heart Journal, 27(4), 386–392. doi:10.1093/eurheartj/ehi601.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Richter, K. P., Choi, W. S., & Alford, D. P. (2005). Smoking policies in U.S. outpatient drug treatment facilities. Nicotine & Tobacco Research, 7(3), 475–480.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Schmitz, N., Kruse, J., & Kugler, J. (2003). Disabilities, quality of life, and mental disorders associated with smoking and nicotine dependence. American Journal of Psychiatry, 160(9), 1670–1676. doi:10.1176/appi.ajp.160.9.1670.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Spitzer, D. L. (2007). Gender and sex-based analysis in health research: A guide for CIHR peer review committees. Ottawa, ON: Canadian Institutes of Health Research.

    Google Scholar 

  • Wilson-Frederick, S. M., Williams, C. D., Garza, M. A., Navas-Acien, A., Emerson, M. R., Ahmed, S., et al. (2011). Association of secondhand smoke exposure with nicotine dependence among black smokers. Addictive Behaviors, 36(4), 412–415.

    Article  PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Zhong, L., Goldberg, M. S., Parent, M.-E., & Hanley, J. A. (2000). Exposure to environmental tobacco smoke and the risk of lung cancer: A meta-analysis. Lung Cancer, 27(1), 3–18.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgment

Dr. Chizimuzo Okoli has received consultation fees from Pfizer, a manufacturer of smoking cessation medications in the past 2 years. Dr. Milan Khara has received unrestricted research funding, speaker’s honoraria, consultation fees or product from the following organisations/companies in the previous 12 months: Pfizer, Johnson and Johnson, Providence Health Care, Provincial Health Services Authority, TEACH (University of Toronto).

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. University of Kentucky College of Nursing, 315 College of Nursing Building, Lexington, KY, 40536-0232, USA

    Chizimuzo T. C. Okoli

  2. Tobacco Dependence Clinic, Mental Health and Addictions Services, Vancouver Coastal Health Authority, Vancouver, BC, Canada

    Milan Khara

Authors
  1. Chizimuzo T. C. Okoli
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Milan Khara
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Chizimuzo T. C. Okoli.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Okoli, C.T.C., Khara, M. Correlates of Secondhand Tobacco Smoke Exposure Among Individuals with a History of Substance Use and/or Psychiatric Disorders Participating in a Tobacco Treatment Program in Vancouver, Canada. Community Ment Health J 50, 729–736 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10597-013-9691-6

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10597-013-9691-6

Keywords

Search

Navigation