Skip to main content

Advertisement

Log in

Evaluation of a University-Community Partnership to Provide Home-Based, Mental Health Services for Children from Families Living in Poverty

  • Original Paper
  • Published:
Community Mental Health Journal Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

A university-community partnership is described that resulted in the development of community-based mental health services for young children from families living in poverty. The purpose of this pilot project was to implement an evidence-based treatment program in the homes of an at-risk population of children with significant emotional and behavior problems that were further complicated by developmental delays. Outcomes for 237 children who participated in the clinic’s treatment program over a 2 year period are presented. Comparisons are included between treatment completers and non-completers and the issues of subject attrition, potential subject selection bias, and the generalizability of the results are addressed. The need for more professionals who are trained to address mental health issues in very young children who live in very challenging conditions are discussed.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Fig. 1

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  • Abdul-Adil, J., Drozd, O., Irie, I., Riley, R., Silas, A., Farmer, A. D., Jr, et al. (2010). University-community mental health center collaboration: Encouraging the dissemination of empirically-based treatment and practice. Community Mental Health Journal, 46, 417–422.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • American Psychological Association. (2000). Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders (4th edn. text revision). Washington, DC.

  • Anthony, B. J., Anthony, L. G., Morrel, T. M., & Acosta, M. (2005). Evidence for social and behavior problems in low-income, urban preschoolers: Effects of site, classroom, and teacher. Journal of Youth and Adolescence, 34, 31–39.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Armbruster, P., & Kazdin, A. E. (1994). Attrition in child psychotherapy. Advances in Clinical Child Psychology, 16, 81–108.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Barrett, M. W., Chua, W., Crits-Christoph, P., Gibbons, M. B., & Thompson, D. (2008). Early withdrawal from mental health treatment: Implications for psychotherapy practice. Psychotherapy Theory, Research, Practice, Training, 45, 247–267.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Birmaher, B., Ehmann, M., Axelson, D. A., Goldstein, B. I., Monk, K., Kalas, C. et al. (2009). Schedule for affective disorders and schizophrenia for school-age children (I-SADS-PL) for the assessment of preschool children: A preliminary study. Journal of Psychiatric Research, 43(7), 680–686.

    Google Scholar 

  • Boggs, S. R., Eyberg, S. M., Edwards, D., Rayfield, A., Jacobs, J., Bagner, D., et al. (2004). Outcomes of parent-child interaction therapy: A comparison of treatment completers and study dropouts one to three years later. Child & Family Behavior Therapy, 26, 1–22.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Breitenstein, S. M., Gross, D., Ordaz, I., Julion, W., Garvey, C., & Ridge, A. (2007). Promoting mental health in early childhood programs serving families from low-income neighborhoods. Journal of the American Psychiatric Nurses Association, 13(5), 313–320.

    Google Scholar 

  • Brinkmeyer, M. Y., & Eyberg, S. M. (2003). Parent-child interaction therapy for oppositional children. In A. E. Kazdin & J. R. Weisz (Eds.), Evidenced-based psychotherapies for children and adolescents (pp. 204–223). New York: Guilford.

    Google Scholar 

  • Campbell, S. B. (1995). Behavior problems in preschool children: A review of recent research. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 36, 113–149.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Cohen, J. (1988). Statistical power analysis for the behavioral sciences (2nd ed.). Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Earlbaum Associates.

    Google Scholar 

  • Eyberg, S. M., Nelson, M. N., & Boggs, S. R. (2008). Evidence-based psychological treatments for children and adolescents with disruptive behavior. Journal of Clinical Child and Adolescent Psychology, 37(1), 215–237.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Eyberg, S. M., & Pincus, D. (1999). Eyberg child behavior inventory and the sutter-eyberg student behavior inventory-revised. Lutz, FL: Psychological Assessment Resources, Inc.

    Google Scholar 

  • Fernandez, M. A., Butler, A. M., & Eyberg, S. M. (2011). Treatment outcome for low socioeconomic status African American families in parent-child interaction therapy: A pilot study. Child & Family Behavior Therapy, 33, 32–48.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Fox, R. A. (1994). Parent behavior checklist. Austin, TX: ProEd (Currently available from the Author, Marquette University, School of Education, P.O. Box 1881, Milwaukee, WI 53201-1881; Email:robert.Author@marquette.edu).

  • Fox, R. A., & Holtz, C. A. (2009). Treatment outcomes for toddlers with behavior problems from families in poverty. Child and Adolescent Mental Health, 14, 183–189.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Fox, R. A., Keller, K. M., Grede, P. L., & Bartosz, A. M. (2007). A mental health clinic for toddlers with developmental delays and behavior problems. Research in Developmental Disabilities, 28, 119–129.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Fox, R. A., & Nicholson, B. C. (2003). Parenting young children: A facilitator’s guide. Longmont, Colorado: Sopris West.

    Google Scholar 

  • Gelhorn, H. L., Sakai, J. T., Price, R. K., & Crowley, T. J. (2007). DSM–IV conduct disorder criteria as predictors of antisocial personality disorder. Comprehensive Psychiatry, 48, 529–538.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Holtz, C. A., & Fox, R. A. (2008). Infant mental health: An emerging field for children with developmental disabilities. In A. F. Rotatori, F. E. Obiakor, & S. Burkhart (Eds.), Autism and developmental disabilities: Current practices and issues (pp. 163–219). United Kingdom: JAI Press, Emerald Group Publishing Limited.

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  • Holtz, C. A., & Fox, R. A. (2012). Behavior problems in young children from low-income families: The development of a new screening tool. Infant Mental Health Journal, 33, 82–94.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Huaqing Qi, C., & Kaiser, A. P. (2003). Behavior problems of preschool children from low-income families: Review of literature. Topics in Early Childhood Special Education, 23(4), 188–216.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kaufman, J., Birmaher, B., Brent, D., Rao, U., Ryan, N., Flynn, C., et al. (1997). The revised schedule for affective disorders and schizophrenia for school aged children: present and lifetime version: Preliminary reliability and validity data. Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 36, 980–988.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kazdin, A. E., & Wassell, G. (1999). Barriers to treatment participation and therapeutic change among children referred for conduct disorder. Journal of Clinical and Child Psychology, 28, 160–172.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Keenan, K., Shaw, D., Delliquadri, E., Giovannelli, J., & Walsh, B. (1998). Evidence for the continuity of early problem behaviors: Application of a developmental model. Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology, 26(6), 441–454.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Keenan, K., & Wakschlag, L. S. (2002). Can a valid diagnosis of disruptive behavior disorder be made in preschool children? American Journal of Psychiatry, 159, 351–358.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Lanier, P., Kohl, P. L., Benz, J., Swinger, D., Moussette, P., & Drake, B. (2011). Parent-child interaction therapy in a community setting: Examining outcomes, attrition, and treatment setting. Research on Social Work Practice, 21, 1–10.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Lyon, A. R., & Budd, K. S. (2010). A community mental health implementation of parent-child interaction therapy (PCIT). Journal of Child and Family Studies, 19, 654–668.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Mattek, R. J., Jorgenson, E. T., & Fox, R. A. (2010). Home-based therapy for young children in low-income families: A student training program. The Family Journal: Counseling and Therapy for Couples and Families, 18, 189–194.

    Google Scholar 

  • McNeil, C. B., & Hembree-Kigin, T. L. (2010). Parent-child interaction therapy (2nd ed.). New York: Springer.

    Book  Google Scholar 

  • Nicholson, B. C., Anderson, M., Fox, R. A., & Brenner, V. (2002). One family at a time: A prevention program for at-risk parents. Journal of Counseling and Development, 80, 362–371.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Sherman, M. L., Barnum, D. D., Nyberg, E., & Buhman-Wiggs, A. (2008). Predictors of preintake attrition in a rural community mental health center. Psychological Services, 5, 332–340.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Snell-Johns, J., Mendez, J. L., & Smith, B. H. (2004). Evidence based solutions for overcoming access barriers, decreasing attrition, and promoting change with underserved families. Journal of Family Psychology, 18, 19–35.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Webster-Stratton, C. (1994). Advancing videotape parent training: A comparison study. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 62, 583–593.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Weis, R., Lovejoy, M. C., & Lundahl, B. (2004). Factor structure and discriminative validity of the Eyberg Child Behavior Inventory with young children. Journal of Psychopathology and Behavioral Assessment, 27, 269–278.

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgments

This research was supported in part by grants from Brighter Futures of Milwaukee, Charles D. Jacobus Family Foundation, Exchange Clubs of Greater Milwaukee Charitable Foundation, Faye McBeath Foundation, Helen Bader Foundation, Stackner Family Foundation, and United Way. The authors acknowledge the support of Penfield Children’s Center, the Birth-to-Three Agency that served as the site for this study and the family clinicians and graduate students who provided mental health services for the children and their families.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Robert A. Fox.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Fox, R.A., Mattek, R.J. & Gresl, B.L. Evaluation of a University-Community Partnership to Provide Home-Based, Mental Health Services for Children from Families Living in Poverty. Community Ment Health J 49, 599–610 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10597-012-9545-7

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10597-012-9545-7

Keywords

Navigation