Skip to main content
Log in

Target-oriented synthesis of functionalized pyrazolo-fused medium-sized N,S-heterocycles via Friedel–Crafts ring closure approach

  • Published:
Chemistry of Heterocyclic Compounds Aims and scope

Efficient and concise synthetic protocol to benzo- and pyrazolo-fused medium-sized N,S-heterocycles (e.g,. thiazocinones, thiazoninones, thiazecinones, thiecinones, and thioninones) is developed. The process involves the AlCl3/MeNO2, TfOH or polyphosphoric acid mediated cyclization of pyrazole-based carboxylic acids or esters into tricyclic ketones under mild conditions. The designed protocol offers easy access to biologically and pharmaceutically promising pyrazoles in good yields. The structure elucidation of all new compounds without stereochemical assignments has been carried out by spectral and elemental analysis.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Figure 1
Figure 2

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. (a) Koul, A.; Arnoult, E.; Lounis, N.; Guillemont, J.; Andries, K. Nature 2011, 469, 483. (b) Antonow, D.; Thurston, D. E. Chem Rev. 2011, 111, 2815. (c) Dictionary of Alkaloids; Buckingham, J.; Baggaley, K. H.; Roberts, A. D.; Szabó, L. F., Eds.; CRC Press, 2010, 2nd ed. (d) Modern Alkaloids: Structure, Isolation, Synthesis, and Biology; Fattorusso, E.; Taglialatela-Scafati, O. Eds.; Wiley-VCH: Weinheim, 2008. (e) Passler, U. In The Alkaloids; Knolker, H.-J., Ed.; Academic: New York, 2011, Vol. 70, p. 79. (f) Garg, N.; Chandra, T.; Jain, A. B.; Kumar, A. Eur. J. Med. Chem. 2010, 45, 1529. (g) Hall, J. E.; Matlock, J. V.; Ward, J. W.; Gray, K. V.; Clayden, J. Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. 2016, 55, 11153.

  2. (b) Wagman, A. S.; Wentland, M. P. In Comprehensive Medicinal Chemistry II; Taylor, J. B.; Triggle, D. J., Eds.; Elsevier Ltd.: Oxford, 2007, Vol. 7, p. 567. (c) Kresze, G. In Sulfur, Its Significance for Chemistry, for the Geo-, Bio- and Cosmosphere and Technology; Müller, A.; Krebs, B., Eds.; Elsevier: Amsterdam, 1984, Vol. 5, p. 93. (d) Hagiwara, M.; Adachi-Akahane, S.; Nagao, T. Eur. J. Pharmacol. 2003, 466, 63. (e) Arias, H. R.; Targowska-Duda, K. M.; Feuerbach, D.; Sullivan, C. J.; Maciejewski, R.; Jozwiak, K. Neurochem. Int. 2010, 56, 642. (f) Shen, M.; Driver, T. G. Org. Lett. 2008, 10, 3367. (g) Thevis, M.; Opfermann, G.; Schänzer, W. J. Anal. Toxicol. 2003, 27, 53. (h) Tricco, A. C.; Soobiah, C.; Berliner, S.; Ho, J. M.; Ng, C. H.; Ashoor, H. M.; Chen, M. H.; Hemmelgarn, B.; Straus, S. E. CMAJ 2013, 185, 1393. (i) Smith, R; Schwartz, A. N. Engl. J. Med. 1984, 310, 1327. (j) Tatsumi, M.; Groshan, K.; Blakely, R. D.; Richelson, E. Eur. J. Pharmacol. 1997, 340, 249.

  3. (a) Ryabchuk, P.; Matheny, J. P.; Rubina, M.; Rubin, M. Org. Lett. 2016, 18, 6272. (b) Arya, K.; Dandia, A. Bioorg. Med. Chem. Lett. 2008, 28, 114. (c) O'Neil, I. A.; Murray, C. L.; Hunter, R. C.; Kalindjian, S. B.; Jenkins, T. C. Synlett 1997, 75. (d) Kang, G.; Yamagami, M.; Vellalath, S.; Romo, D. Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. 2018, 57, 6527. (e) Majumdar, K. C. RSC Adv. 2011, 1, 1152. (f) Donald, J. R.; Unsworth, W. P. Chem.–Eur. J. 2017, 23, 8780. (g) Li, R.; Farmer, P. S.; Wang, J.; Boyd, R. J.; Cameron, T. S.; Quilliam, M. A.; Walter, J. A.; Howlett, S. E. Drug Des. Discovery 1995, 12, 337. (h) Bariwal, J. B.; Upadhyay, K. D.; Manvar, A. T.; Trivedi, J. C.; Singh, J. S.; Jain, K. S.; Shah, A. K. Eur. J. Med. Chem. 2008, 43, 2279. (i) Gyömöre, Á.; Csámpai, A.; Holzbauer, T.; Czugler, M. Tetrahedron 2011, 67, 2979. (j) Arnold, L. A.; Luo, W.; Guy, R. K. Org Lett. 2004, 6, 3005. (k) Incerti, M.; Acquotti, D.; Sandor, P.; Vicini, P. Tetrahedron 2009, 65, 7487.

  4. Michaut, A.; Rodriguez, J. Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. 2006, 45, 5740.

  5. Limanto, J.; Snapper, M. L. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2000, 122, 8071.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  6. Ayala, S. L. G.; Stashenko, E.; Palma, A.; Bahsas, A.; Amaro-Luis, J. M. Synlett 2006, 2275.

  7. Ha, H.-J.; Choi, C.-J.; Ahn, Y.-G.; Yun, H.; Dong, Y.; Lee, W. K. J. Org. Chem. 2000, 65, 8384.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  8. Anand, A.; Singh, P.; Mehra, V.; Amandeep; Kumar, V.; Mahajan, M. P. Tetrahedron Lett. 2012, 53, 2417.

  9. Upadhayaya, R. S.; Lahore, S. V.; Sayyed, A. Y.; Dixit, S. S.; Shinde, P. D.; Chattopadhyaya, J. Org. Biomol. Chem. 2010, 8, 2180.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  10. Ylijoki, K. E. O.; Stryker, J. M. Chem. Rev. 2012, 113, 2244.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  11. (a) Krause, N.; Winter, C. Chem. Rev. 2011, 111, 1994. (b) Müller, T. J. Synthesis 2012, 159.

  12. Goswami, P.; Borah, A. J.; Phukan, P. J. Org. Chem. 2014, 80, 438.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  13. Curran, D. P.; Porter, N. A.; Giese, B.; Eliel, E. L. Stereochemistry of Radical Reactions: Concepts, Guidelines, and Synthetic Applications; VCH: New York, 1996.

    Google Scholar 

  14. Basavaiah, D.; Reddy, G. C. ARKIVOC 2016, (ii), 172.

  15. Tietze, L. F.; Brasche, G.; Gericke, K. M. Domino Reactions in Organic Synthesis; Wiley-VCH: Weinheim, 2006.

  16. Ihara, M. Chem. Pharm. Bull. 2006, 54, 765.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  17. (a) Ried, W.; Marx, W. Chem. Ber. 1957, 90, 2683. (b) Khatik, G. L.; Kumar, R.; Chakraborti, A. K. Synthesis 2007, 541. (c) Shcherbakova, I. In Comprehensive Heterocyclic Chemistry III; Katritzky, A. R.; Ramsden, C. A.; Scriven, E. F. V.; Taylor, R. J. K., Eds.; Pergamon Press: New York, 2008, Vol. 14, p. 255. (d) Calvo, L. A.; Gonzalez-Ortega, A.; Marcos, R.; Perez, R. M.; Sanudo, M. C. Tetrahedron 2008, 64, 3691. (e) Levai; Jeko, J. ARKIVOC 2008, (xvii), 234.

  18. (a) Paquette, L. A.; Barton, W. R. S.; Gallucci, J. C. Org. Lett. 2004, 6, 1313. (b) Karsch, S.; Freitag, D.; Schwab, P.; Metz, P. Synthesis 2004, 1696. (c) Chihab-Eddine, A.; Daich, A.; Jilale, A.; Decroix, B. J. Heterocycl. Chem. 2000, 37, 1543. (d) Freitag, D.; Schwab, P.; Metz, P. Tetrahedron Lett. 2004, 45, 3589.

  19. (a) Alvarez, M.; Joule, J. A. In The Alkaloids: Chemistry and Biology; Cordell, G. A., Ed.; Academic Press: New York, 2001, Vol. 57, p. 235. (b) Alper, K. R.; Lotsof, H. S.; Kaplan, C. D. J. Ethnopharmacol. 2008, 115, 9. (c) Baumann, M. H.; Rothman, R. B.; Pablo, J. P.; Mash, D. C. J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. 2001, 297, 531. (d) Noguchi, Y.; Hirose, T.; Furuya, Y.; Ishiyama, A.; Otoguro, K.; Omura, S.; Sunazuka, T. Tetrahedron Lett. 2012, 53, 1802.

  20. Eliel, E. L.; Wilen, S. H. Stereochemistry of Organic Compounds; Wiley: New York, 1994.

    Google Scholar 

  21. (a) Parenty, A.; Moreau, X.; Campagne, J. M. Chem. Rev. 2006, 106, 911. (b) Kobayashi, Y.; Asano, M.; Yoshida, S.; Takeuchi, A. Org. Lett. 2005, 7, 1533. (c) Buszek, K. R.; Jeong, Y.; Sato, N.; Still, P. C.; Muiño, P. L.; Ghosh, I. Synth. Commun. 2001, 31, 1781. (d) Nagata, T.; Nakagawa. M.; Nishida, A. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2003, 125, 7484. (e) Shiina, I.; Kubota, M.; Ibuka, R. Tetrahedron Lett. 2002, 43, 7535. (f) Petri, A. F.; Bayer, A.; Maier, M. E. Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. 2004, 43, 5821. (g) Trost, B. M.; Chisholm, J. D. Org. Lett. 2002, 4, 3743. (h) Marcantoni, E.; Massaccesi, M.; Petrini, M.; Bartoli, G.; Bellucci, M. C.; Bosco, M.; Sambri, L. J. Org. Chem. 2000, 65, 4553.

  22. Bates, D. K.; Li, X.; Jog, P. V. J. Org. Chem. 2004, 69, 2750.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  23. Lu, S. M.; Alper, H. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2005, 127, 14776.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  24. Pei, Y.; Lilly, M. J.; Owen, D. J.; D'Souza, L. J.; Tang, X. Q.; Yu, J.; Nazarbaghi, R.; Hunter, A.; Anderson, C. M.; Glasco, S.; Ede, N. J.; James, I. W.; Maitra, U.; Chandrasekaran, S.; Moos, W. H.; Ghosh, S. S. J. Org. Chem. 2003, 68, 92.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  25. Mukherjee, C.; Biehl, E. Heterocycles 2004, 63, 2309.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  26. Doxsee, K. M. In Comprehensive Heterocyclic Chemistry II; Katritzky, A. R.; Rees, C. W.; Scriven, E. F. V., Eds.; Pergamon: Oxford, 1996, Vol. 9, p. 527.

  27. Griesbeck, A. G.; Oelgemöller, M.; Lex, J.; Haeuseler, A.; Schmittel, M. Eur. J. Org. Chem. 2001, 1831.

  28. Bates, D. K.; Li, K. J. Org. Chem. 2002, 67, 8662.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  29. Moormann, A. E.; Metz, S.; Toth, M. V.; Moore, W. M.; Jerome, G.; Kormeier, C.; Manning, P.; Hansen, D. W.; Pitzele, B. S.; Webber, R. K. Bioorg. Med. Chem. Lett. 2001, 11, 2651.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  30. Maraccini, S.; Miguel, D.; Torroba, T.; Garcìa-Valverde, M., J. Org. Chem. 2003, 68, 3315.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  31. Campiani, G.; Nacci, V.; Fiorini, I.; De Filippis, M. P.; Garofano, A.; Ciani, S. M.; Greco, G.; Novellino, E.; Manzoni, C.; Pennini, T. Eur. J. Med. Chem. 1997, 32, 241.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  32. Kuti, M.; Rábai, J.; Kapovits, I.; Jalsovszky, I.; Argay, G.; Kálmán, A.; Párkányi, L. J. Mol. Struct. 1996, 382, 1

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  33. Federsel, H. J.; Glassare, G.; Högström, K.; Wiestal, J.; Zinko, B.; Odman, C. J. Org. Chem. 1995, 60, 2597.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  34. Sashida, H.; Tsuchiya, T. Heterocycles 1984, 22, 1303.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  35. Manhas, M. S.; Amin, S. G.; Bose, A. K. Heterocycles 1976, 5, 669.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  36. (a) Barclay, L. R. C. In Friedel–Crafts and Related Reactions; Olah, G. A., Ed.; Wiley Interscience: New York, 1964, Vol. II, Chap. 22, p. 786. (b) Ross, J.; Xiao, J. L. Green Chem. 2002, 4, 129. (c) Simone, F. D.; Andres, J.; Torosantucci, R.; Waser, J. Org. Lett. 2009, 11, 1023. (d) Stang, E. M.; White, M. C. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2011, 133, 14892. (e) Li, S.; Chiu, P. Tetrahedron Lett. 2008, 49, 1741. (f) Jorgensen, K. A. Synthesis 2003, 1117. (g) MacMillan, D. W. C.; Overman, L. E. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1995, 117, 10391. (h) Zhao, Y.-L.; Lou, Q.-X.; Wang, L.-S.; Hu, W.-H.; Zhao, J.-L. Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. 2017, 56, 338. (i) Pilli, R. A.; Victor, M. M. Tetrahedron Lett. 1998, 39, 4421. (j) Fürstner, A. Top. Catal. 1997, 4, 285. (k) Anand, R. V.; Baktharaman, S.; Singh, V. K. J. Org. Chem. 2003, 68, 3356. (l) Wales, S. M.; Walker, M. M.; Johnson, J. S. Org. Lett. 2013, 15, 2558.

  37. Galli, C.; Mandolini, L. Eur. J. Org. Chem. 2000, 3117.

  38. (a) Katritzky, A. R.; Xu, Y.-J.; He, H.-Y. J. Chem. Soc., Perkin Trans. 1 2002, 592. (b) Cul, A.; Daich, A.; Decroix, B.; Sanz, G.; Van Hijfte, L. Heterocycles 2004, 64, 33. (c) Mamouni, A.; Daich, A.; Decroix, B. Synth. Commun. 1997, 27, 2241. (d) Pigeon, P.; Decroix, B. J. Heterocycl. Chem. 1997, 34, 375. (e) Oniciu, D. C. In Comprehensive Heterocyclic Chemistry III; Katritzky, A. R.; Ramsden, C. A.; Scriven, E. F. V.; Taylor, R. J. K., Eds.; Pergamon Press: New York, 2008, Vol. 14, p. 1. (f) Chen, L.; Zhou, F.; Shi, T.-D.; Zhou, J. J. Org. Chem. 2012, 77, 4354. (g) Netchitailo, P.; Othman, M.; Decroix, B. J. Heterocycl. Chem. 1997, 34, 321.

  39. (a) Abd El-Aal, H. A. K.; Khalaf, A. A. Aust. J. Chem. 2019, 72, 276. (b) Abd El-Aal, H. A. K. ARKIVOC 2018, (iii), 45. (c) Abd El-Aal, H. A. K. Aust. J. Chem. 2017, 70, 1082. (d) Abd El-Aal, H. A. K.; Khalaf, A. A. ARKIVOC 2019, (v), 265. (e) Abd El-Aal, H. A. K.; Khalaf, A. A. ARKIVOC 2013, (iv), 306. (f) Abd El-Aal, H. A. K.; Khalaf, A. A. Chem. Heterocycl. Compd. 2019, 55, 632. [Khim. Geterotsikl. Soedin. 2019, 55, 632.] (g) Abd El-Aal, H. A. K.; Khalaf, A. A.; El-Khawaga, A. M. A. J. Heterocycl. Chem. 2014, 51, 262. (h) Abd El-Aal, H. A. K. ARKIVOC 2015, (v), 230.

  40. (a) Olah, G. A.; Krishnamurti, R.; Surya Prakash, G. K. In Comprehensive Organic Synthesis; Trost, B. M.; Fleming, I., Eds.; Pergamon Press: Oxford, 1991, Vol. 3, p. 293. (b) Roberts, R. M.; Khalaf, A. A. Friedel–Crafts Chemistry: A Century of Discovery; Marcel Dekker: New York, 1984. (c) Olah, G. A. In Friedel–Crafts Chemistry; Olah, G. A., Ed.; Wiley: New York, 1973. (d) Bandini, M.; Melloni, A.; Tommasi, S.; Umani-Ronchi, A. Synlett 2005, 1199. (e) Terrasson, V.; Marcia de Figueiredo, R.; Campagne, J. M. Eur. J. Org. Chem. 2010, 14, 2635. (f) Poulsen, T. B.; Jørgensen, K. A. Chem. Rev. 2008, 108, 2903.

  41. (a) Elguero, J. In Comprehensive Heterocyclic Chemistry II; Katritzky, A. R.; Rees, C. W.; Scriven, E. F. V., Eds.; Elsevier: Oxford, 1996, Vol. 3, p. 1. (b) Brahmbhatt, G. C.; Sutariya, T. R.; Atara, H. D.; Parmar, N. J.; Gupta, V. K.; Lagunes, I.; Padrón, J. M.; Murumkar, P. R.; Yadav, M. R. Mol. Diversity 2020, 24, 355.

  42. Dauben, W. G.; Tilles, H. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1950, 72, 3185.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  43. (a) Kakushima, M.; Hamel, P.; Frenette, R.; Rokach, J. J. Org. Chem. 1983, 48, 3214. (b) Carey, F. A.; Sundberg, R. J. In Advanced Organic Chemistry. Part B: Reactions and Synthesis; Kluwer Academic/Plenum Publishers: New York, 2001, 4th ed. (c) Olah, G. A.; Kobayashi, S. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1971, 93, 6994. (d) Huffman, J. W.; Smith, V. J.; Padgett, L. W. Tetrahedron 2008, 64, 2104. (e) Tan, L. K.; Brownstein, S. J. Org. Chem. 1983, 48, 302. (f) Golebiewski, W.; Marek; Gucma, M. Synthesis 2007, 3599.

  44. Choi, S.; Brown, H. C. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1963, 85, 2596.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  45. March, J. Advanced Organic Chemistry; John Wiley and Sons: New York, 1999–2000, 4th ed.

Download references

The author is grateful for all the facilities received while performing and writing this work by the Chemistry department, Faculty of science Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Hassan A. K. Abd El-Aal.

Additional information

Published in Khimiya Geterotsiklicheskikh Soedinenii, 2020, 56(10), 1353–1362

Supplementary Information

ESM 1

(PDF 8486 kb)

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Abd El-Aal, H.A.K. Target-oriented synthesis of functionalized pyrazolo-fused medium-sized N,S-heterocycles via Friedel–Crafts ring closure approach. Chem Heterocycl Comp 56, 1353–1362 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10593-020-02822-1

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10593-020-02822-1

Keywords

Navigation