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Synthesis and characterization of multicyclic oxadiazoles and 1-hydroxytetrazoles as energetic materials

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Chemistry of Heterocyclic Compounds Aims and scope

Synthesis and characterization of several multicyclic oxadiazoles, 3,5-bis(4-nitrofurazan-3-yl)-1,2,4-oxadiazole, 3,3'-bis(4-nitrofurazan-3-yl)-5,5'-bi(1,2,4-oxadiazole), 3-(4-nitrofurazan-3-yl)-1,2,4-oxadiazol-5-amine, and salts of 1-hydroxytetrazoles, ammonium 5,5'-(1,2,4-oxadiazole-3,5-diyl)bis(1H-tetrazol-1-olate) and hydroxylammonium 5,5'-{[3,3'-bi(1,2,4-oxadiazole)]-5,5'-diyl}bis(1H-tetrazol-1-olate), as energetic materials are reported. Two of the compounds, 3,5-bis(4-nitrofurazan-3-yl)-1,2,4-oxadiazole and 3,3'-bis(4-nitrofurazan-3-yl)-5,5'-bi(1,2,4-oxadiazole), have attractive single crystal densities of 1.91 and 1.94 g·cm–3 (at 20°C), respectively. The design of these materials has been based on the idea that these multicyclic compounds with a 1,2,4-oxadiazole core will have good thermal stability and high density because of their 3,5-substitution pattern and the possibility of achieving a planar conformation. The various synthetic approaches and interesting chemistry observed during the construction of these new heterocycles has been described.

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This work has been performed under the auspices of the U.S. Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory under Contract DE-AC52-07NA27344. The authors are grateful for financial support from the Joint DoD/DOE Munitions Technology Development Program and the DOE Campaign 2 Program.

We would like to thank Stephen Strout, Levi Merrill, Fowzia Zaka, Ginger Guillen, and Jennifer Montgomery for completing the small-scale safety testing on our compounds and Heather Mulcahy for performing high-resolution MS analysis.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, 7000 East Ave., L-282, Livermore, CA, 9450, USA

    Philip F. Pagoria, Mao-Xi Zhang, Nathaniel B. Zuckerman & Alan J. DeHope

  2. U.S. Naval Research Laboratory, 4555 Overlook Ave., Washington, D.C., 20375, USA

    Damon A. Parrish

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  1. Philip F. Pagoria
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  2. Mao-Xi Zhang
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  3. Nathaniel B. Zuckerman
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Correspondence to Philip F. Pagoria.

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Russian translation is published in Khimiya Geterotsiklicheskikh Soedinenii, 2017, 53(6/7), 760–778

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Pagoria, P.F., Zhang, MX., Zuckerman, N.B. et al. Synthesis and characterization of multicyclic oxadiazoles and 1-hydroxytetrazoles as energetic materials. Chem Heterocycl Comp 53, 760–778 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10593-017-2122-9

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10593-017-2122-9

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