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High throughput acceleration of NIST lightweight authenticated encryption schemes on GPU platform

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Abstract

Authenticated encryption with associated data (AEAD) has become prominent over time because it offers authenticity and confidentiality simultaneously. In 2018, the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) initiated a competition to standardize lightweight AEAD and hash functions, with Ascon as the final winner among the 10 finalists. Numerous prior works evaluated their performance on FPGA and ASIC, but not on a parallel architecture like GPU, which is a common accelerator already found in many existing cloud servers. In this work, the first GPU implementation of the NIST AEAD finalists is proposed. Several GPU implementation techniques applicable to all AEAD schemes are presented, along with novel techniques for some specific schemes to enhance throughput performance. Experimental results show that all NIST AEAD finalists can achieve high throughput (up to 111.53M AEAD per second), approximately 142.19% and 72.65% improvement compared to unoptimized GPU version, and the investigated FPGA results respectively.

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Data availability

This paper uses the code from NIST Lightweight Cryptography Standardization as a starting point to develop the optimized implementation on GPU. The code for all NIST authenticated encryption finalists can be found here: https://csrc.nist.gov/Projects/lightweight-cryptography/finalists. The implementation source codes from this paper were shared in the public domain: https://github.com/vicrace/lwcnist-aead-finalists.git.

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Acknowledgements

The research was supported by the Ministry of Higher Education (MoHE), Malaysia, through the Fundamental Research Grant Scheme (FRGS/1/2021/ICT07/UTAR/01/1).

Funding

The research was supported by the Ministry of Higher Education (MoHE), Malaysia, through the Fundamental Research Grant Scheme (FRGS/1/2021/ICT07/UTAR/01/1).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Lee Kong Chian Faculty of Engineering & Science, Universiti Tunku Abdul Rahman, Selangor, Malaysia

    Jia-Lin Chan, Denis C. -K. Wong, Wun-She Yap, Boon-Yaik Ooi & Bok-Min Goi

  2. Department of Computer Engineering, Gachon University, Seongnam, South Korea

    Wai-Kong Lee

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Contributions

Jia-Lin Chan proposed the optimization techniques and perform all the experiments on this article. Wai-Kong Lee and Boon-Yaik Ooi evaluate the parallel implementation techniques for high performance. Denis C.-K. Wong, Wun-She Yap and Bok-Min Goi were responsible in evaluating the security aspects of the implementations, data curation, supervision, writing and editing of the manuscript. All authors have read and agreed to the published version of the manuscript.

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Correspondence to Wun-She Yap.

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Chan, JL., Lee, WK., Wong, D.C.K. et al. High throughput acceleration of NIST lightweight authenticated encryption schemes on GPU platform. Cluster Comput (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10586-024-04463-x

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