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High-capacity reversible data hiding in encrypted images based on adaptive arithmetic coding and static Huffman coding

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Abstract

Recently, with the rapid development of cloud storage, secure cloud computing and privacy protection have attracted widespread attention. Reversible data hiding in encrypted images (RDHEI) plays an important role in it and has been paid more and more attention. In this paper, an improved RHDEI is proposed. By combining adaptive Arithmetic coding and static Huffman coding, the image bit-plane is effectively compressed and a lot of space is made for data embedding. The security of image and embedded data is guaranteed by XOR-encryption and scrambling encryption. The data extractor can embed and extract data without decrypting the carrier image to protect the privacy of the image owner. Experimental results show that the scheme can achieve an average embedding capacity (EC) of up to \(3 \mathrm{bpp}\) while ensuring lossless recovery of carrier images and correct extraction of embedded data. Compared with state-of-the-art RDHEI methods, our scheme achieves higher EC and better security.

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The data that support the findings of this study are openly available in BOSSBASE at http://dde.binghamton.edu/download/.

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Funding

The authors received funding from the Key Program of Natural Science Fund of Tianjin (Grant #21JCZDJC00130) and National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant 61873327).

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  1. College of Software, Nankai University, Tianjin, China

    Mengqi Liu, Kunshu Wang & Tiegang Gao

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  1. Mengqi Liu
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  2. Kunshu Wang
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Correspondence to Tiegang Gao.

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Liu, M., Wang, K. & Gao, T. High-capacity reversible data hiding in encrypted images based on adaptive arithmetic coding and static Huffman coding. Cluster Comput 26, 3627–3645 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10586-022-03748-3

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10586-022-03748-3

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