Abstract
Continuous monitoring of the uncontrolled tritium emission from Paks Nuclear Power Plant (NPP) has been carried out since starting the NPP operation. In order to control the release of fission and corrosion products as well as 14C automatic samplers were designed and installed into 20 observation wells in the vicinity of the reactor units. The automatic samplers contain two columns filled with anion and cation exchanger resins and are equipped with filters for trapping the chelating agents. The samplers are placed two meters below the groundwater level. Water pumps fed by accumulator ensure the water flowing through the ion-exchange columns. After a two-month working period the trapped ions are eluted from the resins. The activity of the gamma-emitters, 14C, 90Sr and transuranium elements are measured in the dried elute, the tritium is measured in the collected water phase. The experiences of a five-year monitoring work in the surroundings of Paks NPP are given here.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Svingor É. and Hertelendi E.: Development of the groundwater monitoring system in the surroundings of Paks NPP. (In Hungarian). PA Rt-6113500002. Debrecen, 1996, pp. 45.
Svingor É. and Hertelendi E.: Update of the hydrological and solute transport model for Paks aquifer. (In Hungarian). PA Rt-7242000009. Debrecen, 1997, pp. 37
Hertelendi E. and Svingor É.: Sampling sites and frequency for optimal control of radionuclide release. (In Hungarian) PA Rt-7113511403. Debrecen, 1997, pp. 39
Moreno J. et al.: Radioactivity and Radiochemistry 9(2) (1998) p. 35.
Vajda N., Molnár Zs., Kabai É. and Osváth Sz.: Simultaneous Determination of Long-Lived Radionuclides in Environmental Samples. 9th Int. Symposium on Environmental Radiochemical Analysis, Maidstone, U.K., 18–20 Sept. 2002.
Vajda N., Molnár Zs., Kabai É. and Zagyvai P.: Radiochemical Determination of Long-Lived Radionuclides in Environmental Samples. II Eurasian Conference on „Nuclear Science and Its Application“, Almaty, Kazakhstan, 16–19 Sept. 2002.
Csongor É., Szabó I. and Hertelendi E.: Radiochemical and Radioanalytical Letters 55 (1982) 303.
Hertelendi E. et al.: Radiocarbon 31 (1989) 399.
Molnár M., Nagy S., Svingor É. and Svetlik I.: Refining the CO2 absorption method for low level 14C liquid scintillation counting in the ATOMKI. LSC 2005. Advances in Liquid Scintillation Spectrometry, Katowice, Poland, 17–21 October 2005
Molnár M., Svetlik I., Nagy S. and Svingor É.: Characterization of low level scintillation counting of absorbed 14C samples produced in ATOMKI. The 19th International Radiocarbon Conference, Oxford, England, 3–7 April 2006
Stuiver M. and Polach H.: Radiocarbon 19(3) (1977) 355
Geyh M.A. and Schleicher H.: Absolute Age Determination, Springer Verlag, Berlin, 1990
Veres M.: Operation of the groundwater monitoring system at Paks NPP. (In Hungarian). IZO/P/02/01. Isotoptech Co. Ltd, Debrecen, 2002, pp. 137
Veres M.: Operation of the groundwater monitoring system at Paks NPP. (In Hungarian). IZO/P/03/02. Isotoptech Co. Ltd, Debrecen, 2003, pp. 132.
Veres M.: Operation of the groundwater monitoring system at Paks NPP. (In Hungarian). IZO/P/04/03. Isotoptech Co. Ltd, Debrecen, 2004, pp. 135
Veres M.: Operation of the groundwater monitoring system at Paks NPP. (In Hungarian). IZO/P/05/04. Isotoptech Co. Ltd, Debrecen, 2005, pp. 133.
Clark I.D. and Fritz P.: Environmental isotopes in Hydrogeology. Boca Raton CRC Press, 1997.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Svingor, É., Molnár, M., Palcsu, L. et al. Monitoring system with automatic sampling units in the surroundings Paks NPP. Czech J Phys 56, D133–D139 (2006). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10582-006-1009-2
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10582-006-1009-2