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Sleep-Wake Patterns of Adolescents with Borderline Personality Disorder and Bipolar Disorder

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Abstract

Sleep-wake patterns are rarely examined in adolescents with borderline personality disorder (BPD) or bipolar disorder (BD). Within a developmental perspective, this study explores the sleep-wake cycle of adolescents aged 12–17 years with BPD or BD and healthy controls (HC) during periods with and without entrainment by school/work schedules. Eighteen euthymic BPD, six euthymic BD, and 20 HC adolescents wore wrist actigraphy during nine consecutive days to assess sleep-wake patterns. During school/work days, BPD adolescents spent more time awake when they were in bed compared to HC and BD adolescents (p = 0.039). On schedule-free days, BPD and BD youths spent more time in bed compared to HC adolescents (p = 0.015). BPD adolescents woke up over 1 h later compared to HC (p = 0.003). Total sleep time was more variable between nights in BPD adolescents compared to the HC group (p = 0.031). Future research should explore if sleep-wake pattern disruptions are a cause or a consequence of BPD symptomatology in adolescents. Addressing sleep-wake pattern during clinical assessment and treatment of BPD adolescents may potentially reduce their symptoms; this therapeutic effect still needs to be evaluated.

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Acknowledgments

This research was made possible with the financial support of Opération Enfant-Soleil, Fondation des Petits Trésors of Rivière-des-Prairies Hospital, Fonds de la recherche en santé du Québec (FRSQ), Fondation Pfizer and Fondation André Dédé Fortin. The authors acknowledge the skilful technical assistance of Élyse Chevrier, the collaboration of Dr. Martin Gignac from Institute Philippe-Pinel de Montréal and of the therapists from the Mood Disorders Clinic. We also express our appreciation to the adolescents for their participation.

Conflicts of interest

The authors have no financial or other conflicts of interest to disclose, and no sources of funding to acknowledge.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Sleep Laboratory and Clinic, Rivière-des-Prairies Hospital, 7070 Boul. Perras, Montréal, QC, H1E 1A4, Canada

    Christophe Huỳnh & Roger Godbout

  2. Mood Disorders Clinic and Research Branch, Rivière-des-Prairies Hospital, Montréal, QC, Canada

    Christophe Huỳnh, Jean-Marc Guilé & Jean-Jacques Breton

  3. Department of Psychiatry, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada

    Christophe Huỳnh, Jean-Marc Guilé, Jean-Jacques Breton & Roger Godbout

  4. Research Centre, Rivière-des-Prairies Hospital and Institut Universitaire en Santé Mentale de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada

    Christophe Huỳnh, Jean-Jacques Breton & Roger Godbout

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  1. Christophe Huỳnh
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Correspondence to Roger Godbout.

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Huỳnh, C., Guilé, JM., Breton, JJ. et al. Sleep-Wake Patterns of Adolescents with Borderline Personality Disorder and Bipolar Disorder. Child Psychiatry Hum Dev 47, 202–214 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10578-015-0557-8

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