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Sleep–Wake Patterns Reported by Parents in Hyperactive Children Diagnosed According to ICD-10, as Compared to Paired Controls

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Abstract

This study aimed primarily to compare the parent-reported sleep of children with ICD-10 hyperkinetic disorder (HKD) versus community children. Thirty children aged 5–13 years (83.3 % boys) diagnosed with HKD by their child and adolescent psychiatrists took part in this study, plus 30 community children, matched for sex, age, and school year. Compared to the controls, the HKD children showed significantly later bedtimes, stronger bedtime resistance, longer sleep latency, shorter sleep; more frequent behaviors and symptoms concerning falling asleep into parents bed, needing something special to initiate sleep, nightmares, sleep talking, sleep bruxism, fear from darkness, bedwetting, and, most notably, loud snoring (26.7 %); they also tended to show higher daytime somnolence. Attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)/HKD children may thus have more sleep-related problems than typically developing children. Alternatively, our results may reflect misdiagnoses; thus, special attention should be directed to comorbidity and differential diagnosis issues between sleep disturbances and ADHD/HKD.

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Acknowledgments

We are deeply grateful to Parents who agreed to participate in this study about their children. Part of this study was developed for the Master Degree dissertation of Dr. Carla Parchão in psychology (U. Aveiro), with the supervision of the first author. Results from this study have been previously presented at the European Sleep Research Congress in 2012, with support from the Research and Development Unit IBILI (FM-UC), FCT Portugal (Portuguese Science and Technology Foundation).

Conflict of interest

On behalf of all authors, the corresponding author states that there is no conflict of interest.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Education, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitario de Santiago, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal

    Ana Allen Gomes, Carla Parchão & Anabela Almeida

  2. IBILI (FCT), Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Azinhaga de Santa Comba, Celas, 3000-548, Coimbra, Portugal

    Ana Allen Gomes

  3. Department of Children and Adolescents Mental Health, Magalhães Lemos Hospital, Oporto Hospital Centre, Rua Professor Álvaro Rodrigues, 4149-003, Porto, Portugal

    Carla Parchão

  4. Sleep Medicine Centre, CHUC (Centro Hospitalar e Universitário de Coimbra), Quinta dos Vales, São Martinho do Bispo, 3046-853, Coimbra, Portugal

    Vanda Clemente

  5. Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Rua Larga, 3004-504, Coimbra, Portugal

    Maria Helena Pinto de Azevedo

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  1. Ana Allen Gomes
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  2. Carla Parchão
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Correspondence to Ana Allen Gomes.

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Gomes, A.A., Parchão, C., Almeida, A. et al. Sleep–Wake Patterns Reported by Parents in Hyperactive Children Diagnosed According to ICD-10, as Compared to Paired Controls. Child Psychiatry Hum Dev 45, 533–543 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10578-013-0422-6

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