Abstract
The current study examined child symptoms and parenting stress as predictors of children’s age upon admission to a psychiatric inpatient facility. The children (N = 252) ranged from 6 to 12 years of age; most were male (71%) and over half were African American (59%). Externalizing behavior symptoms were associated with a younger age upon admission and internalizing behavior symptoms were associated with an older age. Parental social isolation was associated with a younger child’s age upon admission, whereas difficulty with parental attachment was associated with an older age.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Blader JC (2004) Symptom, family, and service predictors of children’s psychiatric rehospitalization within one year of discharge. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry 43:440–451
Pottick KJ, McAlpine DD, Adelman RB (2000) Changing patterns of psychiatric inpatient care for children and adolescents in general hospitals, 1998–1995. Am J Psychiatry 157:1267–1273
Bobier C, Warwick M (2005) Factors associated with readmission to adolescent psychiatric care. Aust N Z J Psychiatry 39:600–606
American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry (1997) Practice parameters for the assessment and treatment of children and adolescents with conduct disorder. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry 36(10S):122S–139S
Kazdin AE (1985) Treatment of antisocial behavior in children and adolescents. Homewood, IL: Dorsey
Handwerk ML, Clopton K, Huefner JC, Smith GL, Hoff KE, Lucas CP (2006) Gender differences in adolescents in residential treatment. Am J Orthopsychiatry 76:312–324
Donenberg G, Baker BL (1993) The impact of young children with externalizing behaviors on their families. J Abnorm Child Psychol 21(2):179–198
Suarez LM, Baker BL (1997) Child externalizing behavior and parents’ stress: the role of social support. Fam Relations 47:373–381
Herjanik B, Reich W (1997) Development of a structured psychiatric interview for children: agreement between child and parent on individual symptoms. J Abnorm Child Psychol 25:21–31
Kolko DJ, Kazdin AE (1993) Emotional/behavioral problems in clinic and nonclinic children: correspondence among child, parent and teacher reports. J Child Psychol Psychiatry 34:991–1006
Mesman J, Koot HM (2000) Child-reported depression and anxiety in preadolescence. I: associations with parent- and teacher-reported problems. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry 39:1371–1378
Webster-Stratton C (1990) Stress: a potential disruptor of parent perceptions and family interactions. J Clin Child Psychol 19:302–312
Barry TD, Dunlap ST, Cotton SJ, Lochman JE, Wells KC (2005) The influence of maternal stress and distress on disruptive behavior problems in boys. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry 44:265–273
Bigras M, LaFreniere PJ, Dumas JE (1996) Discriminant validity of the parent and child scales of the parenting stress index. Early Educ Dev 7:167–178
Sameroff AJ (1995) General systems theories and developmental psychopathology. In: Cicchetti D, Cohen DJ (eds) Developmental psychopathology volume 1: theory and methods. New York, NY: Jon Wiley & Sons, Inc, pp 659–695
Cummings EM, Cicchetti D (1990) Toward a transactional model of relations between attachment and depression. In: Greenberg M, Cicchetti D, Cummings M (eds) Attachment in the preschool years. University of Chicago Press, Chicago, IL, pp 339–372
Patterson GR (1986) Performance models for antisocial boys. Am Psychol 41:432–444
Feldman MA, Hancock CL, Rielly N, Minnes P, Cairns C (2000) Behavior problems in young children with or at risk for developmental delay. J Child Fam Stud 9:247–261
Qi CH, Kaiser AP (2003) Behavior problems of preschool children from low-income families: review of the literature. Top Early Child Special Educ 23:188–216
Renk K, Roddenberry A, Oliveros A, Sieger K (2007) The relationship of maternal characteristics and perceptions of children to children’s emotional and behavioral problems. Child and Fam Behav Therapy 29:37–57
Sanders MR, Dadds MR, Bor W (1989) Contextual analysis of child oppositional and maternal aversive behaviors in families of conduct-disordered and nonproblem children. J Clin Child Psychol 18:72–83
Barnett DW, Hall JD, Bramlett RK (1990) Family factors in preschool assessment and intervention: a validity study of parenting stress and coping measures. J Sch Psychol 28:13–20
Mouton PY, Tuma JM (1988) Stress, locus of control and role satisfaction in clinic and control mothers. J Clin Child Psychol 17:217–224
Werba BE, Eyberg SM, Boggs SR, Algina J (2006) Predicting outcome in parent-child interaction therapy: success and attrition. Behav Modif 30:618–646
Blader JC (2006) Which family factors predict children’s externalizing behaviors following discharge from psychiatric inpatient treatment? J Child Psychol Psychiatry 47:1133–1142
Renk K (2005) Reasons young children are referred for psychological services. Child Fam Behav Ther 27:61–71
Andra ML, Thomas AM (1998) The influence of parenting stress and socioeconomic disadvantage on therapy attendance among parents and their behavior disordered preschool children. Educ Treat Children 21:195–208
Mcnamara JMD (2001) Child maltreatment: parenting stress, child symptomatology and treatment attrition. Dissertation Abstracts International: section B: the Sciences and Engineering. vol 62 (3-B)
Capage LC, Bennett GM, McNeil CB (2001) A comparison between African-American and Caucasian children referred for treatment of disruptive behavior disorders. Child and Fam Behav Ther 23:1–14
Webster-Stratton C (1985) Predictors of treatment outcome in parent training for conduct disordered children. Behav Ther 16:223–243
Achenbach TM, Rescorla LA (2001) Manual for the ASEBA school-age forms and profiles. University of Vermont, Research Center for Children, Youth, & Families, Burlington, VT
Sattler JM (2002) Assessment of children: behavioral and clinical implications, 4th edn. Jerome M. Sattler, LaMesa, CA
Abidin RR (1995) Parenting stress index 3rd edition, professional manual. Psychological Assessment Resources, Inc, Lutz, FL
Loyd BH, Abidin RR (1985) Revision of the parenting stress index. J Pediatr Psychol 10:169–177
Burke WT (1978) The development of a technique for assessing the stresses experienced by parents of young children. Unpublished Doctoral Dissertation. Institute of Child Psychology: University of Virginia, Charlottesville
Hamilton EB (1980) The relationship of maternal patterns of stress, coping and support to quality of early infant-mother attachment. Unpublished Doctoral Dissertation. Institute of Child Psychology: University of Virginia, Charlottesville
Mash EJ, Johnston C, Kovitz K (1983). A comparison of the mother-child interactions of physically abused and non-abused children during play and task situations. J Clin Child Psychol 12:337–346
Lafiosca T (1981) The relationship of parent stress to anxiety, approval, motivation and children’s behavior problems. Unpublished Doctoral Dissertation. Institute of Child Psychology: University of Virginia, Charlottesville
Ingoldsby EM, Kohl GO, McMahon RJ, Lengua L, the Conduct Problems Prevention Research Group (2006) Conduct problems, depressive symptomatology and their co-occurring presentation in childhood as predictors of adjustment in early adolescence. J Abnorm Child Psychol 34:603–621
Dornbusch S, Ritter P, Leiderman P, Roberts D, Fraleigh M (1987) The relation of parenting style to adolescent school performance. Child Dev 58:1244–1257
Kaufman D, Gesten E, Santa Lucia RC, Salcedo O, Rendina-Gobieff G, Gadd R (2000) The relationship between parenting style and children’s adjustment: the parents’ perspective. J Child Fam Stud 9:231–245
Steinberg L, Mounts N, Lamborn S, Dornbusch S (1991) Authoritative parenting and adolescent adjustment across various ecological niches. J Res Adolesc 1:19–36
Crawford AM, Manassis K (2001) Familial predictors of treatment outcome in childhood anxiety disorders. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry 40:1182–1189
Moncher FJ (1995) Social isolation and child-abuse risk. Fam Soc 76:421–433
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Additional information
Preparation of this manuscript was funded by a grant from the National Institute on Drug Abuse (DA018016) awarded to Paula Fite. We would like to thank the families who participated in the study.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Fite, P.J., Stoppelbein, L. & Greening, L. Parenting Stress as a Predictor of Age Upon Admission to a Child Psychiatric Inpatient Facility. Child Psychiatry Hum Dev 39, 171–183 (2008). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10578-007-0080-7
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10578-007-0080-7