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A comprehensive molecular cytogenetic analysis of the genome architecture in modern sugarcane cultivars

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A Correction to this article was published on 07 April 2022

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Abstract

Modern sugarcane cultivars are derived from the hybridization of Saccharum officinarum (2n = 80) and S. spontaneum (2n = 40–128), leading to a variety of complex genomes with highly polyploid and varied chromosome structures. These complex genomes have hindered deciphering the genome structure and marker-assisted selection in sugarcane breeding. Ten cultivars were analyzed by fluorescence in situ hybridization adopting chromosome painting and S. spontaneum–specific probes. The results showed six types of chromosomes in the studied cultivars, including S. spontaneum or S. officinarum chromosomes, interspecific recombinations from homoeologous or nonhomoeologous chromosomes, and translocations of S. spontaneum or S. officinarum chromosomes. The results showed unexpectedly high proportions of interspecific recombinations in these cultivars (11.9–40.9%), which renew our knowledge that less than 13% of chromosomes result from interspecific exchanges. Also, the results showed a high frequency of translocations (an average of 2.15 translocations per chromosome) between S. officinarum chromosomes. The diverse types of chromosomes in cultivars imply that hybrid gametes of S. spontaneum and S. officinarum may form unusual chromosome pairs, including homoeologous or nonhomoeologous chromosomes either between or within S. spontaneum and S. officinarum. Moreover, we consistently observed 11 or 12 copies for the four studied chromosomes, i.e., chromosomes 1, 2, 7, and 8, suggesting steady transmission during the breeding program. By comparison, we found a relatively fewer copies of S. spontaneum chromosome 1 than those of S. spontaneum chromosomes 2, 7, and 8. These results provide deep insights into the structure of cultivars and may facilitate chromosome-assisted selection in sugarcane breeding.

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Abbreviations

DAPI:

4ʹ,6ʹ-Diamidino-phenylindole

FISH:

Fluorescence in situ hybridization

Mb:

Megabase

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Acknowledgements

We would like to thank the National Field Genebank of Sugarcane Germplasm of China and National Infrastructure for Crop Germplasm Resources--Sugarcane platform of China for supplying us the S. spontaneum plants. We thank Zhuang Meng for the design of oligos and technical assistance in cytogenetic assay.

Funding

This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (31771862), the Startup Foundation from Nantong University (03083074), Science and Technology Innovation Fund of Fujian Agricultural and Forestry University (CXZX2020001A), the Research Program of Guangxi Key Laboratory for Sugarcane Biology (GXKLSCB-20190203), and State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources (SKLCUSA-b201808).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. School of Life Sciences, Nantong University, Nantong, 226019, China

    Kai Wang, Jinlei Han & Baohua Wang

  2. Guangxi Key Laboratory of Sugarcane Biology & Key Laboratory of Genetics, Breeding and Multiple Utilization of Crops (MOE), Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350108, China

    Kai Wang & Hon Cheng

  3. Sugar Crops Research Institute, Agriculture Research Center, Giza, Egypt

    Ayman Esh

  4. Sugarcane Institute, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Kaiyuan, 661699, China

    Jiayong Liu & Yuebin Zhang

Authors
  1. Kai Wang
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  2. Hon Cheng
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  3. Jinlei Han
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  4. Ayman Esh
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  5. Jiayong Liu
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  6. Yuebin Zhang
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  7. Baohua Wang
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Contributions

KW and BW designed the research and drafted the manuscript. JL, YZ, and HC collected and grew the plants. HC and JH conducted the experiments. KW, BW, AE, JL, and YZ participated in the data analysis and manuscript preparation.

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Correspondence to Kai Wang or Baohua Wang.

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Wang, K., Cheng, H., Han, J. et al. A comprehensive molecular cytogenetic analysis of the genome architecture in modern sugarcane cultivars. Chromosome Res 30, 29–41 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10577-021-09680-3

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10577-021-09680-3

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