Abstract
The genus Urochloa includes most of the important grasses and hybrids currently used as pastures in the tropical regions. Cytogenetic analyzes have identified some aneuploid hybrids that provide new perspectives for genetic breeding. The objective was to analyze the meiotic behavior in euploid (2n = 4x = 36) and aneuploid (2n = 4x = 36 + 2) hybrids of U. ruziziensis x U. decumbens and U. ruziziensis x U. brizantha. Later, the chromosomes and respective genomes involved in pairing configurations and abnormalities were identified through GISH, with an emphasis on tracking the behavior of the additional chromosomes in the aneuploid hybrid U. ruziziensis x U. decumbens (B1B2B2B2 genomes). The aneuploid U. ruziziensis x U. decumbens shows a higher frequency of univalents, reduction of bivalents, and higher index of irregularities compared with the euploid hybrid. For the aneuploid U. ruziziensis x U. brizantha, there was a reduction in the frequency of univalents, an increase in bivalent and trivalent rates and a lower frequency of abnormalities when compared with the euploid hybrid. The rates of meiotic abnormalities and pairing configurations are parental genotype-dependent and influenced by trisomy. The chromosomes of the B1 and B2 genomes of the aneuploid hybrid (U. ruziziensis x U. decumbens) are involved in the formation of univalents, bivalents, and multivalents in inter-, intra- and inter–intragenomic pairings. In general, the segregation times of chromosomes of the genomes are different, since the chromosomes of the B1 genome segregate more slowly.
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Abbreviations
- GISH:
-
Genomic in situ hybridization
- FISH:
-
Fluorescent in situ hybridization
- gDNA:
-
Genomic DNA
- CTAB:
-
Cetyltrimethylammonium bromide
- SSC:
-
2′ saline sodium citrate
- DAPI:
-
4′,6-diamidino-2-phenylindole
- rDNA:
-
Ribosomal DNA
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Funding
The authors thank the support of the Foundation for Research Support of the State of Minas Gerais (FAPEMIG), the Coordination for the Improvement of Higher Education Personnel (CAPES), the National Council for Scientific and Technological Development (CNPq) for financial support for the development of this study.
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Fig. S1
Mitotic metaphases of the EGL RxD#01 hybrid between U. ruziziensis x U. decumbens with 36 chromosomes (a) and the hybrid 10.6-168 between U. ruziziensis x U. brizantha with 36 + 2 chromosomes (b). The bar represents 10 μm. (PNG 503 kb)
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da Rocha, M.J., Chiavegatto, R.B., Damasceno, A.G. et al. Comparative meiosis and cytogenomic analysis in euploid and aneuploid hybrids of Urochloa P. Beauv. Chromosome Res 27, 333–344 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10577-019-09616-y
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10577-019-09616-y