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The Role of Microglial Depletion Approaches in Pathological Condition of CNS

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Abstract

Microglia are the primary immune cells of the central nervous system (CNS) that comprise about 5–12% of all cells in the brain. These cells are the first line of defense that protects the CNS from damage and attacking pathogens. Microglia originate from yolk sac macrophages and migrate to the brain before the blood–brain barrier formation. Microglia show key roles in healthy CNS including promoting neurogenesis, synaptic sculpting, and maintaining homeostasis but in pathological conditions of CNS, microglial activation may exacerbate diseases. Thus, microglial depletion of the CNS is a novel approach that could be a useful tool to understand the microglial functions in neurodegenerative and neuroinflammatory diseases. There are methods for microglial ablation and reduction such as genetic tools and pharmacological inhibitors. In this study, we review recent studies that used different microglial ablation models for microglial reduction and repopulation after depletion in pathological states of CNS. Recently, studies showed that microglial depletion as a potential therapeutic application has benefits (such as inflammatory factors reduction, increase synaptogenesis, astrogliosis preventation) in CNS. For these reasons, the inhibition of microglia with these models was considered a therapeutic approach for neurodegenerative disease treatment.

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Acknowledgements

The study was supported by the Saveh University of Medical Sciences, Saveh, Iran.

Funding

This study was supported by a grant received from the Saveh University of Medical Sciences, Saveh, Iran.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran

    Fatemeh Tahmasebi

  2. Department of Anatomy, Saveh University of Medical Sciences, Saveh, Iran

    Shirin Barati

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  1. Fatemeh Tahmasebi
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  2. Shirin Barati
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Contributions

SB conceived the original idea, supervised the project, designed figures, and revised the manuscript. FT studies all articles and wrote the manuscript. Both authors discussed the results and contributed to the final manuscript.

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Shirin Barati.

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Conflict of interest

The authors had no conflict of interest regarding the publication of this paper.

Ethical Approval

This review article is in accordance with the ethical principles and the national norms and standards for conducting Medical Research in Iran and Saveh University of Medical Sciences (IR.SAVEHUMS.REC.1401.019).

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Not applicable. There is not any patient in this research study.

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Not applicable. There is not any patient in this research study.

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Tahmasebi, F., Barati, S. The Role of Microglial Depletion Approaches in Pathological Condition of CNS. Cell Mol Neurobiol 43, 2459–2471 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10571-023-01326-8

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10571-023-01326-8

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