Abstract
Chitin, the most abundant renewable polysaccharide in the marine environment, presents restricted applications due to its low solubility. Chitin quaternization can produce a water-soluble chitin derivative with a wide pH range due to the existence of a permanent positive charge on the polymer backbone. Quaternized chitin (QC) has received increasing attention owing to its superior water solubility and antibacterial action. This review aims to outline synthesis techniques, functional materials, and multiple applications of QC. The synthesis techniques of QC, such as heterogeneous reactions and homogeneous reactions, are introduced first. Then we discuss some developed QC-based functional materials, especially micelles, hydrogels, coatings, and sponges. The progress in the applications of QC, such as wound dressings and drug/gene delivery, is also reviewed. We hope that this review can provide new inspiration for expanding the application scope of QC.
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Abbreviations
- AgNPs:
-
Ag nanoparticles
- BACNFs:
-
Brown algae cellulose nanofibers
- bPEI:
-
Branched polyethylenimine
- CHPTAC:
-
3-Chloro-2-hydroxypropyl trimethyl ammonium chloride
- CMC:
-
Critical micellar concentration
- CNFs:
-
Cellulose nanofibers
- DD:
-
Degree of deacetylation
- DOX:
-
Doxorubicin hydrochloride
- DS:
-
Degree of substitution
- EPTMAC:
-
2, 3-Epoxy-propyl trimethyl ammonium chloride
- EWP:
-
Egg white protein
- FGF2:
-
Fibroblast growth factor 2
- FITC:
-
Fluorescein isothiocyanate
- HA:
-
Hyaluronic acid
- HLB:
-
Hydrophile lipophile balance
- LBL:
-
Layer-by-layer
- MMT:
-
Montmorillonite
- OD:
-
Oxidized dextran
- OREC:
-
Organic rectorite
- PCL:
-
Polycaprolactone
- PDA:
-
Polydopamine
- PLGA:
-
Poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid)
- QC:
-
Quaternized chitin
- QCS:
-
Quaternized chitosan
- SF:
-
Silk fibrin
- TPU:
-
Thermoplastic polyurethane
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Funding
This work is supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (32172132, 31471673 and 31271978), Natural Science Foundation of Sichuan Province (2022NSFSC1609), Sichuan Innovation Team of Pig (scsztd-2023–08-07), and the earmarked fund for CARS-43.
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Jing Liao wrote the main manuscript text, Ruizhi Wen and Xingyue Zhao prepared all the figures, Bo Hou and Huishuang Yin prepared Table 1, Jiamin Zhang and Huihua Huang reviewed the manuscript.
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Liao, J., Wen, R., Zhao, X. et al. Quaternized chitin as biomaterial for multiple applications. Cellulose (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10570-024-05902-z
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10570-024-05902-z